MRG2 Antibody

MRGX2 (MRGPRX2) Antibodies

MRGX2 (Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2) is a GPCR expressed in mast cells and sensory neurons. Antibodies targeting this receptor are primarily used in research to study its role in mast cell degranulation and innate immunity.

Applications and Research Findings

• Mast Cell Activation: MRGX2 antibodies are used to study drug-induced anaphylaxis. For example, MRGX2 activation by small molecules like neuromuscular blockers triggers histamine release, contributing to severe allergic reactions .

• Tissue Distribution: MRGX2 is highly expressed in skin and fat mast cells, with variable expression in gut and lung mast cells .

• Antibody Tools: Polyclonal rabbit antibodies (e.g., ab237047 from Abcam) and monoclonal antibodies (e.g., MAB4727 from R&D Systems) are validated for immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and flow cytometry .

MRG002: A HER2-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate

MRG002 is an ADC designed for HER2-positive cancers, combining a HER2-targeting antibody with a cytotoxic payload (monomethyl auristatin E, MMAE).

Mechanism and Clinical Data

Preclinical Insights

• Antitumor Activity: MRG002 demonstrated tumor regression in HER2-positive breast and gastric xenograft models, including trastuzumab-resistant cases .

• Synergy with Immunotherapy: Enhanced efficacy when combined with anti-PD-1 antibodies in preclinical models .

Comparative Analysis of MRGX2 and MRG002 Antibodies

Research Challenges and Future Directions

• MRGX2:

  • Heterogeneity: Mast cell responses to MRGX2 agonists vary by tissue microenvironment (e.g., fibronectin enhances sensitivity) .

  • Diagnostic Tools: Patient-specific iPSC-derived mast cells may aid in predicting MRGX2-mediated drug hypersensitivity .

• MRG002:

  • Resistance: Ongoing trials aim to address HER2-targeting resistance through novel ADC designs .

  • Safety: Payload-related toxicities (e.g., MMAE) require careful monitoring in clinical settings .