P2RX7 Antibody, HRP conjugated

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Description

Overview of P2RX7 Antibody, HRP Conjugated

The P2RX7 antibody, HRP (horseradish peroxidase) conjugated, is a specialized immunochemical tool designed for detecting the P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2RX7), an ATP-gated ion channel involved in diverse physiological and pathological processes. HRP conjugation enables high-sensitivity detection in assays like Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by catalyzing chromogenic or chemiluminescent reactions. While the provided sources do not explicitly describe HRP-conjugated P2RX7 antibodies, they offer critical insights into P2RX7 antibody applications and properties, which can inform the development and use of conjugated variants.

Applications

ApplicationDilution RangeKey Findings
Western Blot1:500–1:3,000Detects P2RX7 in mouse brain/cerebellum lysates .
IHC/IFNot specifiedLocalizes P2RX7 in human prostate cancer and tonsillitis tissues .
ELISANot specifiedQuantifies P2RX7 in serum/plasma (detection range: 25–1,600 pg/mL) .

Disease Associations

  • Cancer:

    • P2RX7 overexpression correlates with increased tumor growth, angiogenesis (via VEGF), and metastasis in melanoma, neuroblastoma, and osteosarcoma .

    • In vivo studies show P2RX7 inhibition reduces tumor size by 40–60% .

  • Neurological Disorders:

    • P2RX7 upregulation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains correlates with Braak stage and tau aggregate burden .

    • Pharmacological P2RX7 blockade reduces tau inclusions in ex vivo models .

  • Autoimmunity:

    • P2RX7 deficiency exacerbates lupus-like symptoms in mice, increasing autoantibody production .

Mechanistic Insights

PathwayRole of P2RX7Reference
Calcium SignalingMediates ATP-induced Ca²⁺ influx in pancreatic stellate cells, promoting PDAC progression .
Inflammasome ActivationDrives NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β release in microglia and NF-κB/CCL2 in astrocytes .
Metabolic RegulationP2rx7−/− mice exhibit glucose intolerance and insulin resistance .

Specificity and Cross-Reactivity

  • Specificity: Validated via siRNA knockdown and KO models .

  • Cross-Reactivity: Confirmed for human, mouse, and rat homologs (≥90% sequence identity) .

ELISA Performance (Human P2RX7)

ParameterValue
Detection Range25–1,600 pg/mL
Sensitivity6.25 pg/mL
Recovery Rate (Serum)89–104%
Intra-Assay CV≤10%

Technical Considerations for HRP Conjugation

While HRP-conjugated P2RX7 antibodies are not explicitly detailed in the sources, standard conjugation protocols involve:

  1. Antibody Purification: Affinity purification (e.g., Protein A/G) .

  2. Conjugation: Covalent linkage of HRP to IgG via periodate oxidation or maleimide chemistry.

  3. Validation: Confirmation via spike-recovery assays and linearity testing (e.g., 1:2–1:8 dilutions) .

Product Specs

Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receiving it. Delivery times may vary depending on the purchasing method or location. Please consult your local distributor for specific delivery details.
Synonyms
ATP receptor antibody; P2rx7 antibody; P2RX7_HUMAN antibody; P2X purinoceptor 7 antibody; P2X7 antibody; P2Z receptor antibody; Purinergic receptor antibody; purinergic receptor P2X, ligand gated ion channel, 7 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
P2X7 Receptor acts as a ligand-gated ion channel, recognizing ATP as its ligand. It plays a crucial role in ATP-dependent lysis of macrophages by forming membrane pores permeable to large molecules. This receptor contributes to both fast synaptic transmission and ATP-mediated lysis of antigen-presenting cells. When its natural ligand, ATP, is absent, it functions as a scavenger receptor, recognizing and engulfing apoptotic cells.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. Research suggests a significant role of the purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7) in pancreatic disease and recovery. PMID: 29683976
  2. The P2x7 ion channel receptor was consistently absent in both the periodontal ligament and dental tissues. PMID: 29289709
  3. These findings indicate that the ERK pathway is involved in the proliferation and migration of glioma cells stimulated by P2X7R activation. PMID: 29546069
  4. Increased P2X7 receptor expression in monocytes is a hallmark of chronic inflammation in the early stages of chronic kidney disease. PMID: 29375053
  5. The P2X7R rs3751143 and ER-alpha PvuII two-locus interaction significantly increases the susceptibility to osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women. PMID: 28884379
  6. The P2X7R rs3751143 functional polymorphism potentially contributes to osteoporosis susceptibility in Chinese postmenopausal women. PMID: 28497417
  7. These findings indicate the involvement of P2X7R in the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 28397110
  8. Data demonstrate that Pr2x7 gene deletion protects against HFD-induced NASH, likely through blunted activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PMID: 29270247
  9. This study demonstrates that P2X7 is not essential for the development of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation. PMID: 28597172
  10. This research revealed that the P2X7R/NLRP3 pathway plays significant roles in IL-1beta secretion and inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii proliferation in small intestinal epithelial cells. PMID: 29291748
  11. P2X7R contributes to the progression of spinal TB. The P2X7 -762C>T and 489C>T polymorphisms are correlated with susceptibility to spinal TB. Carrying the -762CC genotype and 489T allele increases the risk of developing spinal TB in a Southern Chinese Han population. PMID: 29158203
  12. Increased expression of P2X7R in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis is observed. P2X7R plays a role in Th17 cells differentiation. PMID: 27775097
  13. Results show that P2X7 is a scavenger receptor with an important function in the CNS, but its phagocytic function has distinct features from its pore function. Both P2X7 pore formation and P2X7-mediated phagocytosis should be considered when designing new P2X7 antagonists for the treatment of CNS diseases. PMID: 29329985
  14. This pathway provides new insights into factors that increase dynamic blebbing and identifies new targets, such as P2X7, that can be used to enhance the culture of cells with therapeutic potential. PMID: 28672157
  15. A major role for P2X7R and P2Y11R in ATP-mediated inhibition of tumor-derived endothelial cell migration is reported. PMID: 27586846
  16. To investigate the correlation between P2X7R, NLRP3, and cell growth, NLRP3 was silenced in THP-1 cells, a leukemic cell line that natively expresses both NLRP3 and P2X7R. NLRP3 silencing enhanced P2X7R expression and promoted growth. Conversely, NLRP3 overexpression caused accelerated apoptosis. PMID: 27221966
  17. Genetic polymorphisms of the P2X7 gene are associated with susceptibility to and prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. PMID: 28495473
  18. The results suggest that although the 1068 G>A polymorphism of the P2RX7 gene is associated with increased beta-cell function and IL-1Ra release in type 2 diabetes patients, glycemic control is not significantly affected by the presence of this SNP. PMID: 29425823
  19. These data suggest that P2X7R activation may contribute to the high prevalence of kidney disease found in diabetics. PMID: 28434946
  20. In conclusion, the results suggest that P2X7R may promote IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 production and secretion and contribute to the invasion and adhesion of craniopharyngiomas to the surrounding tissue. PMID: 28389503
  21. P2X7R is expressed by three malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines established from MPM patients, but not by mesothelial cells from healthy subjects. PMID: 27391069
  22. A total of 163 patients and 201 health controls were enrolled in this study, and polymorphisms of NLPR1, NLRP3, and P2X7R genes were detected by PCR. Our study demonstrated the potentially significant role of NLRP1 rs878329 (G>C) in developing susceptibility to partial seizures in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 28503575
  23. Inheritance of the C/C genotype at position 253 in the P2RX7 gene may contribute to the risk of HPV-16 associated cervical squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwanese women. PMID: 27779103
  24. This study demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning induces a long-lasting increase in P2X7 Receptor in astrocytes. PMID: 28063215
  25. The link between P2X7R signaling and TG2 export is being discussed. This pathway has been recently discovered and ties extracellular protein modifications into the danger signal-mediated innate immune response. (Review) PMID: 27562793
  26. P2X7R is involved in the propagation of mechanically-induced intercellular signaling in addition to the known mechanisms involving calcium signaling via P2Y2 receptors and gap junctions. PMID: 27856358
  27. This study shows that P2X7R is directly involved in the modulation of the antiviral and inflammatory process that occurs during Dengue virus infection in vitro. PMID: 26969484
  28. These results suggest that mechanical stimuli activate P2X7 might induce ECMPs expression through PYK2, except in the case of OPN expression. Altogether, mechanical stimuli-induced ECMPs production might be implicated by extracellular ATP secretion or integrin via PYK2 activation. PMID: 29061307
  29. The results indicate that P2X7 receptors may play a significant role in contributing to the unwanted activation of mast cells in chronic inflammatory conditions where extracellular ATP levels are elevated. PMID: 26910735
  30. In vitro and in vivo results provide support for the involvement of oxidative stress through P2X7 receptor activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of oxaliplatin-induced neuronal injury and likely to painful neuropathy. PMID: 23826152
  31. Eight Single nucleotide polymorphisms loci, including rs1653624, rs10160951, rs1718119, rs7958316, rs16950860, rs208294, rs17525809, and rs2230912, were screened and detected, and rs1653624, rs7958316, and rs17525809 were associated with gout arthritis. P2X7R function-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms may be related to gouty arthritis. PMID: 28797095
  32. The loss-of-function SNP rs2230911 in P2X7, that negatively affects NLRP3-inflammasome activation, confers susceptibility toward active pulmonary tuberculosis in a Brazilian Amazon cohort. PMID: 27101784
  33. This review discusses P2X7R structure and its contribution to inflammation and host defense. PMID: 28723547
  34. P2X7R expression was correlated with enhanced tumor grade and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma patients. PMID: 28412208
  35. Our present study shows that loss of function of the P2X7 receptor in mice induces retinal changes representing characteristics of early age-related macular degeneration. PMID: 28628761
  36. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the P2X7R gene is associated with pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease. PMID: 28233049
  37. Our results reveal that P2RX7 rs2230911 may be associated with primary gout risk in a Chinese Han male population, and allele G may be a susceptibility factor for primary gout. PMID: 28243797
  38. We believe that the unbiased reader will follow our argumentation on astrocytic or microglial P2X7Rs being the primary targets of pathologically high extracellular ATP concentrations, although a neuronal localization of these receptors cannot be fully excluded. [review] PMID: 28747388
  39. Collectively, this body of research suggests that P2X7R may constitute an important therapeutic target for a variety of neurological disorders. PMID: 28747389
  40. Additionally, purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7) was downregulated in CD36-knockdown 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that the suppression of CD36 attenuates adipogenesis via the P2X7 pathway in 3T3-L1 cells. PMID: 28712872
  41. This analysis examines the M1/M2 functional imprinting of primary microglia and the role played by P2X7 and miR-125b in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis microglia activation. [review] PMID: 28090150
  42. The study observed a downregulation of purinergic P2X7 receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients compared to controls. PMID: 27453058
  43. Data suggest that specific serine residues in purinergic receptors play key roles in both agonist binding and receptor sensitization/desensitization: in rat P2rx7, point mutation F288S (phenylalanine 288 > serine) results in a slower rate of ATP binding/unbinding and stabilization of non-sensitized receptor states; in human P2RX7, Y288F (but not Y288S) results in a "rat-like" receptor with a fast deactivation rate. PMID: 28616989
  44. This study showed that the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor is upregulated in experimental epilepsy and resected hippocampus from epilepsy patients. PMID: 27251615
  45. ATP release by Muller cells and P2X7 upregulation in RECs. These findings are likely of in vivo relevance since CD40 upregulates P2X7 in RECs in diabetic mice, and CD40 is known to be required for retinal capillary degeneration. PMID: 27893093
  46. Our study revealed a significant association between three P2X7R gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis in a Tibetan Chinese population. PMID: 27672203
  47. Circadian oscillations of intracellular calcium depend on the activation of purinergic P2X7 receptors. PMID: 28139817
  48. The biochemical and molecular knowledge of P2X7R in IFCD is useful to shed further light about the participation of the purinergic system in the pathogenesis of CD, and consequently, may help to avoid the progression of the disease. PMID: 28062289
  49. The P2X7R rs3751142 genetic variants were not implicated in the development of gout in the male Korean population. However, we found that in a pair-wise comparison of the CA/TT P2X7R and CARD8 genotype combination was shown to have an increased trend for the risk of gout. PMID: 27550484
  50. Five gene polymorphisms, -762C>T (rs2393799), 946G>A (rs28360457), 1513A>C (rs3751143), 1068G>A (rs1718119), and 1096C>G (rs2230911), were selected. Our results suggest that 3 of the 5 polymorphisms of P2RX7 described above (1513A>C, 946G>A, and 1068G>A) are significantly associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. PMID: 27272229

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Database Links

HGNC: 8537

OMIM: 602566

KEGG: hsa:5027

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000442349

UniGene: Hs.729169

Protein Families
P2X receptor family
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue Specificity
Widely expressed with highest levels in brain and immune tissues.

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