pat-2 Antibody

PAT2 Antibody Overview

Target: PAT2 (SLC36A2), a 483-residue protein with a molecular mass of 53.2 kDa, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cell membrane. Three isoforms have been identified .

Function:

• Mediates proton-coupled transport of small neutral amino acids (e.g., glycine, proline) .

• Regulates lysosomal acidification via vATPase assembly in brown adipocytes .

• Expressed predominantly in the kidney, testis, brain, and spinal cord .

Antibody Types:

• Monoclonal: Example: PAT2 Antibody (F-3), a mouse IgM κ antibody targeting residues 1–50 .

• Polyclonal: Available from multiple suppliers for applications like ELISA and Western blot .

Lysosomal Acidification and Autophagy

PAT2 regulates lysosomal pH by recruiting the V1 subunit of vATPase to lysosomes during amino acid starvation.

• Mechanism: Depletion of extracellular amino acids triggers PAT2 translocation from the plasma membrane to lysosomes, enabling vATPase assembly and acidification .

• Consequences:

  • Hypoacidification (PAT2 knockdown) impairs autolysosome formation .

  • Hyperacidification (PAT2 overexpression) disrupts mTORC1 signaling .

Tissue-Specific Roles

• Brown Adipocytes: PAT2 modulates mitochondrial turnover and thermogenesis via lysosomal acidification .

• Neuronal Systems: Facilitates amino acid uptake for neurotransmitter synthesis .

Applications of PAT2 Antibodies

Limitations and Future Directions

• Technical Challenges: No murine-specific PAT2 antibody exists, limiting in vivo studies .

• Functional Complexity: Both knockdown and overexpression impair mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes, complicating therapeutic targeting .