Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) Antibody
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Product Specs
Form
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receipt. Delivery time may vary depending on the purchasing method and location. Please contact your local distributor for specific delivery information.
Synonyms
LHR antibody; BA-1 antibody; CD 44 antibody; CD44 antibody; CD44 antigen antibody; CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) antibody; CD44 molecule antibody; CD44_HUMAN antibody; CDw44 antibody; CDW44 antigen antibody; Cell surface glycoprotein CD44 antibody; chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 8 antibody; CSPG8 antibody; ECMR-III antibody; Epican antibody; Extracellular matrix receptor III antibody; GP90 lymphocyte homing/adhesion receptor antibody; HCELL antibody; hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand antibody; Heparan sulfate proteoglycan antibody; Hermes antigen antibody; homing function and Indian blood group system antibody; HSA antibody; HUTCH-I antibody; HUTCH1 antibody; HUTCHI antibody; Hyaluronate receptor antibody; IN antibody; INLU-related p80 Glycoprotein antibody; MC56 antibody; MDU2 antibody; MDU3 antibody; MGC10468 antibody; MIC4 antibody; MUTCH I antibody; MUTCH1 antibody; PGP-1 antibody; PGP-I antibody; PGP1 antibody; Phagocytic glycoprotein 1 antibody; Phagocytic glycoprotein I antibody; Soluble CD44 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
CD44, a cell-surface receptor, plays a critical role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion, and migration. It empowers cells to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment, thus contributing to a wide range of cellular functions. These functions include the activation, recirculation, and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and response to bacterial infections. Through its ectodomain, CD44 interacts with extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan (HA), collagen, growth factors, cytokines, or proteases. It serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling protein complexes containing receptor kinases and membrane proteases within its cytoplasmic domain. These effectors include PKN2, the RhoGTPases RAC1 and RHOA, Rho-kinases, and phospholipase C, which coordinate signaling pathways promoting calcium mobilization and actin-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization essential for cell migration and adhesion.
Gene References Into Functions
- Interleukin-4 induces a CD44high /CD49bhigh PC3 subpopulation with tumor-initiating characteristics. PMID: 29236307
- Research has shown that miR711-mediated downregulation of CD44 expression inhibited EMT of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This downregulation occurred by decreasing vimentin protein expression and increasing Ecadherin protein expression, as demonstrated through transfection, qRTPCR, and western blotting. PMID: 30226620
- Expression levels of MACC1, CD44, Twist1, and KiSS-1 are related to the duration of overall survival among patients with colonic adenocarcinoma. PMID: 30021598
- miR-218-5p was downregulated in invasion front cells and negatively regulates oral squamous cell carcinoma invasiveness by targeting the CD44-ROCK pathway. PMID: 29990854
- Studies have demonstrated that miR-520b inhibits the malignancy of HNC through regulation of cancer stemness conversion by targeting CD44. PMID: 28515423
- Research has identified two new host factors that may act as receptors for P. falciparum during invasion: CD44 and CD55. (Review) PMID: 29249333
- Studies indicate that high CD44 expression in ascites tumor cells (ATC) correlates with CSC and EMT phenotype, both regulated by the tumor microenvironment through several signaling pathways, including the TGF-beta signaling pathway. PMID: 30142697
- Data identified Twist1 and CD44 as novel REST targeted genes, providing new insight into the epigenetic regulation of Twist1 and CD44 by REST. PMID: 28256535
- Data shows increased CD44 levels in ovarian cancer patient samples correlated with enhanced expression of the mesenchymal spliced variant CD44s (standard) and a concurrent decrease in the epithelial variants (CD44v). Moreover, CD44s was upregulated upon TGFbeta1-induced EMT, which was mediated through the downregulation of the splicing factor, ESRP1. Overexpression of CD44s induced EMT, invasion, and chemoresistance. PMID: 29130517
- Current evidence suggests that CD44 is an efficient prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 29683068
- The CD44-NRF2 axis might be a promising therapeutic target for the control of stress resistance and survival of the CD44(high) CSC population within breast tumors. PMID: 29729523
- These results reveal a novel positive feedback loop involving CD44S and YAP1, in which CD44S functions as both an upstream regulator and a downstream effector of YAP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 29649630
- CHI3L1 expression is a novel biomarker for the prognosis of gastric cancer. These findings have identified the CHI3L1/CD44 axis as a vital pathway and potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer. PMID: 30165890
- The selective binding of HA-CH-NP/siRNA to CD44-positive tumor endothelial cells has been observed. PMID: 29890852
- Results show that the expression of IGF1R appears to be highly correlated with the expression of ABCG2 in osteosarcoma and with the expression of CD44 in osteosarcoma patients under the age of 10. PMID: 29892839
- CD44 Polymorphisms are associated with Gastric Cancer. PMID: 29802692
- Verification of the presence of stem cell-like cells in the epithelial component through the immunopositivity to Oct-4 and CD44 in benign odontogenic lesions of variable biological behaviors has been conducted. PMID: 29971493
- The genotypes CT, CT+TT, TT, and allele T in rs13347 of CD44 may be risk factors for breast cancer. PMID: 29748526
- Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with lung cancer are different from those in healthy individuals. Circulating CD44+ and CD54+ lymphocytes seem to be a promising criterion to predict survival in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. PMID: 29148014
- Immunohistochemistry using panCD44 may not detect the minority of cancer stem cells. PMID: 29682524
- CD44 regulates TLR2 responses in human macrophages. Decreasing CD44 levels or engaging CD44 by its ligand (HA) or a CD44-specific Ab reduced NF-kappaB translocation and downstream proinflammatory cytokine production. PMID: 29196459
- Results suggest that CD44 expression could be used as a marker for the prediction of gastric cancer development, particularly in patients with precancerous gastric lesions carrying AG or GG, who were selected to surveillance follow-up for gastric cancer prevention. PMID: 29445738
- CD44 polymorphism rs13347 acts as a risk factor for cancer, especially in Chinese populations, while the minor allele of polymorphism rs11821102 may be associated with a decreased susceptibility to cancer. PMID: 28000766
- Intermediate Molecular Mass Hyaluronan and CD44 interactions on PMNs potently elicit F-actin cytoskeleton polymerization and p38- and ERK1/2-MAPK phosphorylation to enhance PMN function. PMID: 28730511
- CD44v9 in tumor specimens has potential as a novel indicator for identifying a cisplatin-chemoresistant population among urothelial cancer patients. CD44v8-10 contributes to reactive oxygen species defenses, which are involved in chemoresistance, by promoting the function of xCT, which adjusts the synthesis of glutathione. PMID: 29385995
- The CD44 standard isoform was especially upregulated after high-dose X-ray irradiation. PMID: 29106581
- Upregulated miR-373 levels and simultaneously downregulated levels of CD44 and E-cadherin were noted in this study. PMID: 29307338
- MiRNA-34a suppresses invasion and metastatic in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating CD44. PMID: 29094237
- This study using syngeneic mouse models, which better model the disease in humans than conventional xenografts, suggests that NIR-PIT with anti-CD44-IR700 is a potential candidate for the treatment of Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 28923838
- miR214 represses endogenous CD44 expression by targeting the 3'untranslated region in HeLa, Raji, and Jurkat cells. PMID: 29138813
- This analysis indicated that corilagin is mainly involved in the glycolysis pathway. Seahorse XF96 extracellular acidification rate analysis confirmed that corilagin inhibited glycolysis by downregulation of CD44 and STAT3. PMID: 28791374
- HYAL2 plays an important role in CD44 alternative splicing. PMID: 29162741
- CD146 suppresses BC progression as a target of CD44-downstream signaling. PMID: 29121955
- Based on available data, the markers CD44 and CD24 do not reflect the features of CSC and unfavorable prognosis. They also do not clarify the role and clinical significance of the immunophenotype CD44+/CD24-. PMID: 28967636
- CD44s levels correlate with EGFR signature and predict poor prognosis in glioblastomas. PMID: 28716909
- This study demonstrated that expression of CD44S and CD44 splice variants CD44V3, CD44V6, and CD44V10 was significantly higher in AD patients compared to non-AD controls. PMID: 28550248
- Network analysis of overlapping genes revealed the effects on tubulins (Tubb2a, Tubb3, Tubb4b), Nfe2l2, S100a4, Cd44, and Nfkb2, all of which are linked to TBI-relevant outcomes, including epileptogenesis and tissue repair. PMID: 27530814
- In obese patients, hepatic CD44 was strongly upregulated in NASH patients (p=0.0008) and correlated with NAFLD activity score (NAS) (p=0.001), ballooning (p=0.003), alanine transaminase (p=0.005), and hepatic CCL2 (p<0.001) and macrophage marker CD68 (p<0.001) expression. Correction of NASH was associated with a strong decrease in liver CD44(+) cells. PMID: 28323124
- These findings suggest that CD44v and CD44s cells play differently important roles in the progression and metastasis of GBC, and the isoform switch triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PMID: 28677740
- Results suggest a significant role of CD44 variants (rs13347, rs187115, and rs11821102) in modulating individual's cancer susceptibility in Asian populations (meta-analysis). PMID: 27521214
- CD44v9 may be a good biomarker for prognosis prediction and for chemoprevention or biomarker-driven therapies only for Early Gastric Cancer, and it appeared to be associated with lymph node metastasis. PMID: 25779358
- Tunicamycin inhibited CD44s overexpression-associated cell migration. PMID: 29377347
- Osteopontin and CD44 play important roles in the development and progression of meningioma. They can be used as prognostic markers for tumor recurrence and progression, as well as therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs. PMID: 29504367
- CD24 and CD44 are upregulated in human pancreatic cancer compared to chronic pancreatitis, suggesting their possible role in the development of pancreatic cancer. PMID: 28659655
- Research findings indicate that CD44v6 is an important regulator of GC tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and survival in an IL-6 mediated, pSTAT3-dependent manner. PMID: 28507278
- CD44 is expressed by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts in an MIF allele-dependent fashion and undergoes functional regulation and activation by autocrine/paracrine MIF. PMID: 27872288
- Circulating tumor cells expressing cytokeratin and tumor-initiating cell markers, including ALDH, CD133, and CD44, were identified in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These TIC-like CTCs were associated with poor prognosis after surgical resection and with an increased incidence of tumor recurrence. PMID: 27789528
- High CD44 expression is associated with renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 27588469
- FAM83D promotes HCC recurrence by promoting CD44 expression and CD44+ CSCs malignancy. PMID: 27769048
- Intraperitoneal enrichment of cancer stem-like cells, from ovarian cancer cell lines or primary ovarian tumor, provides a rational approach for cancer stem-like cell isolation and characterization using CD44 and prominin-1(CD133) as selection markers. PMID: 27655682
Database Links
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, microvillus.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 10 (epithelial isoform) is expressed by cells of epithelium and highly expressed by carcinomas. Expression is repressed in neuroblastoma cells.
Q&A
How can I validate the specificity of the Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody for phosphorylation-dependent detection?
Basic Question: Ensuring antibody specificity is critical for reliable phospho-protein detection.
Advanced Methodological Approach:
To confirm phosphorylation-dependent binding, implement the following:
Case Study: In NIH/3T3 cells treated with PMA, Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody detects a ~90 kDa band, which disappears when blocked with phosphorylated peptide . Non-specific bands (e.g., ~20 bands in prostate cancer lysates) highlight the need for stringent blocking agents .
What experimental approaches can link CD44 Ser706 phosphorylation to functional outcomes like drug resistance or cell migration?
Advanced Question: Phosphorylation site-specific functional studies require integrating biochemical and biological assays.
Methodological Workflow:
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Phosphorylation-Dependent Interaction Mapping
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Functional Assays
Key Data:
In MCF7/Adr cells, CD44 Ser291 phosphorylation (not Ser706) protects P-gp from degradation via cycloheximide chase assays . This highlights the need to differentiate phosphorylation sites in functional studies.
How do I address non-specific bands in Western blot when using the Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody?
Basic Question: Troubleshooting non-specific signals is common in phospho-protein detection.
Advanced Optimization Strategies:
Example: Prostate cancer lysates showed 15–20 non-specific bands with ATB-P1346 antibody (AmeriTech Biomedicines), likely due to cross-reactivity with non-phosphorylated epitopes . STJ90509 (St John’s Labs) demonstrates cleaner profiles in NIH/3T3 lysates when blocked with phosphopeptide .
Can the Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody be used in species beyond human, mouse, and rat?
Advanced Question: Cross-reactivity assessment requires rigorous validation.
Experimental Design:
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Homology Analysis:
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Validation Protocol:
Limitation: STJ90509 is not validated for species beyond human/mouse/rat, and pig/bovine reactivity is predicted but unconfirmed .
How does CD44 Ser706 phosphorylation compare to other phosphorylation sites (e.g., Ser291) in functional studies?
Advanced Question: Phosphorylation site-specific roles require comparative analysis.
Contrasting Data:
Key Insight: Ser291 phosphorylation (not Ser706) is linked to P-gp protection in MCF7/Adr cells, as shown by cycloheximide chase assays . This underscores the need to prioritize phosphosite-specific antibodies when studying functional outcomes.
What methods can I use to quantify CD44 Ser706 phosphorylation levels in complex biological samples?
Basic Question: Quantification requires optimized protocols.
Advanced Quantitative Approaches:
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Densitometry:
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ELISA:
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Mass Spectrometry:
How can I adapt the Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody for immunofluorescence or flow cytometry?
Advanced Question: Technique optimization is often required beyond manufacturer guidelines.
Protocol Adjustments:
Note: STJ90509 is not validated for IF/flow cytometry, but rabbit polyclonal antibodies typically require optimization for these applications .
What are the challenges in studying CD44 phosphorylation in cancer research, and how can they be addressed?
Advanced Question: Cancer research requires addressing heterogeneity and technical artifacts.
Strategies for Overcoming Challenges:
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Tumor Heterogeneity:
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Phosphatase Activity:
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Cross-Reactivity:
Case Study: In MCF7/Adr cells, CD44 Ser291 phosphorylation (not Ser706) drives P-gp stabilization, highlighting the need to prioritize kinase-specific phosphorylation sites in cancer models .
How can I integrate Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibody data with phosphoproteomics or CRISPR screens?
Advanced Question: Systems biology approaches require multi-omics integration.
Workflow Integration:
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Phosphoproteomics:
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CRISPR Screens:
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Bioinformatics:
What are the limitations of commercial Phospho-CD44 (Ser706) antibodies, and how can they be mitigated?
Advanced Question: Antibody limitations necessitate careful selection and validation.
Limitations & Solutions:
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