Phospho-PRKCB (Ser661) Antibody
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Product Specs
Form
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Lead Time
Generally, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receiving it. Delivery times may vary depending on your location and method of purchase. Please consult with your local distributor for specific delivery time estimates.
Synonyms
KPCB_HUMAN antibody; PKC Beta antibody; PKC-B antibody; PKC-beta antibody; PKCB antibody; Prkcb antibody; PRKCB II antibody; PRKCB2 antibody; Protein kinase C beta antibody; Protein kinase C beta type antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
Protein kinase C beta (PKCβ) is a calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in a wide array of cellular processes, including regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling, and endothelial cell proliferation. It plays a crucial role in B-cell activation by modulating BCR-induced NF-κB activation. PKCβ mediates the activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway (NFKB1) by directly phosphorylating CARD11/CARMA1 at Ser-559, Ser-644, and Ser-652. This phosphorylation triggers CARD11/CARMA1 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex, along with MAP3K7/TAK1, which subsequently activates the IKK complex, leading to nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. PKCβ directly participates in the negative feedback regulation of BCR signaling by down-modulating BTK function via direct phosphorylation of BTK at Ser-180. This phosphorylation alters BTK plasma membrane localization and inhibits BTK activity. PKCβ is implicated in apoptosis following oxidative damage. Under oxidative conditions, PKCβ specifically phosphorylates Ser-36 of the p66Shc isoform of SHC1, resulting in mitochondrial accumulation of p66Shc, where it functions as a reactive oxygen species producer. PKCβ acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transcription by being recruited to AR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of Thr-6 of histone H3 (H3T6ph). This phosphorylation is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of histone H3 Lys-4 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. In insulin signaling, PKCβ may function downstream of IRS1 in muscle cells and mediate insulin-dependent DNA synthesis through the RAF1-MAPK/ERK signaling cascade. It participates in the regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes by negatively modulating the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4. PKCβ phosphorylates SLC2A1/GLUT1, promoting glucose uptake by SLC2A1/GLUT1. Under high glucose conditions in pancreatic beta-cells, PKCβ is likely involved in the inhibition of insulin gene transcription via regulation of MYC expression. In endothelial cells, activation of PRKCB induces increased phosphorylation of RB1, increased VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, and inhibits PI3K/AKT-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS3/eNOS) regulation by insulin, leading to endothelial dysfunction. PKCβ is also involved in triglyceride homeostasis. It phosphorylates ATF2, which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription.
Gene References Into Functions
- Tumor suppressor activity of protein kinase C-beta.[review] PMID: 28571764
- The results demonstrate a direct relationship between SP1 binding and protein kinase CbetaII (PKCbetaII) transcription, suggesting that this transcription factor contributes to the pathobiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and potentially other malignant cells where PKCbetaII is overexpressed. PMID: 28233872
- An exaggerated vasoconstriction response to dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, has been linked to SNP rs9922316 in the gene for protein kinase C type beta (PRKCB). PMID: 28482761
- PKC beta may sensitize cervical cancer cells to chemotherapy by reducing the chemotherapy-induced autophagy in cancer cells. PMID: 28246354
- Loss of PRKCB2 expression is associated with colorectal cancer. PMID: 26989024
- Significant differences in gene expressions of BECN1 and PRKCB between the control and Alzheimer's disease (AD) groups, and of CDKN2A between the control and preclinical AD groups, have been reported. PMID: 26510741
- A primary functional variant of PRKCB (rs35015313) was identified through genotype imputation using a phased panel of 1,070 Japanese individuals from a prospective, general population cohort study, followed by in vitro functional analyses. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the disease pathways involved in primary biliary cholangitis. PMID: 28062665
- The study suggests that PRKCB gene is a novel candidate gene for familial Meniere's Disease (MD) and its expression gradient in supporting cells of the organ of Corti warrants attention, considering the role of supporting cells in K+ recycling within the endolymph. Its apical turn location may explain the onset of hearing loss at low frequencies in MD. PMID: 27329761
- Activation of the Pro-Oxidant PKCbetaII-p66Shc Signaling Pathway Contributes to Pericyte Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscles of Patients With Diabetes With Critical Limb Ischemia PMID: 27600065
- The data suggest a complex mechanism of PKC-beta-dependent regulation of SHCA (p66) activation involving Ser(139) and a motif surrounding Ser(213). PMID: 27624939
- The study aimed to identify a small set of genetic signatures that may reliably predict individuals with a high genetic propensity to heroin addiction. A set of 4 genes (JUN, CEBPB, PRKCB, ENO2, or CEBPG) could predict the diagnosis of heroin addiction with an accuracy rate around 85% in the dataset. PMID: 27495086
- Bone marrow stroma-induced resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to arsenic trioxide involves Mcl-1 upregulation and is overcome by inhibiting the PI3Kdelta or PKCbeta signaling pathways. PMID: 26540567
- PPAR-delta and NKIRAS1 are downstream mediators in the PRKCB pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. PMID: 26459836
- Lower hydrogen sulfide is associated with cardiovascular mortality, which involves PKCBII/Akt pathway in chronic hemodialysis patients. PMID: 26439941
- The study found a significant decrease of PRCKB1 mRNA expression in subsyndromal symptomatic depression, suggesting PRKCB1 might be a candidate gene and biomarker. PMID: 26343587
- PKCbetaII inhibits the ubiquitination of beta-arrestin2 in an autophosphorylation-dependent manner. PMID: 26545496
- Ionizing radiation-induced eNOS activation in human vascular endothelial cells is attributed to both the up-regulation of PKC-betaII and the increase in ROS generation, which were independent of each other. PMID: 25869503
- Effect of PKC-beta Signaling Pathway on Expression of MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in Different Cell Models in Response to Advanced Glycation End Products PMID: 26008233
- Direct interaction between the two proteins leads to Apoptin-induced activation of PKC, and consequently activated PKCbetaI mediates phosphorylation of Apoptin to promote its tumor-specific nuclear translocation and cytotoxic function. PMID: 25828882
- Gene fusions involving PRKC genes occur in several morphological and clinical subsets of benign fibrous histiocytoma, but they seem to account for only a minority of the cases. PMID: 26121314
- PMA primed PBTLs for polarization under flow, with protein kinase C (PKC)-delta enriched in the leading edge, PKC-betaI in the microtubule organizing center, and PKC-betaII in the uropod and peripheral region. PMID: 25548371
- The data indicate a new direction for LOX-1 regulation by the modulation of the PKCbeta/NAPDH oxidase/SIRT1/HSF1 mechanism. PMID: 25982096
- Hyperoxia can increase the expression of PKCbeta in alveolar epithelial cells and production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and decrease mitochondrial membrane potential. PMID: 25815500
- Human AKAP79-anchored PKC selectively phosphorylates the Robo3.1 receptor subtype on serine 1330. PMID: 25882844
- The study found that the high-concentration glucose-induced disruption of endothelial adherens junctions is mediated by tyrosine phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin through PKC-beta and myosin light chain phosphorylation. PMID: 25927959
- PKCbeta2 inhibition protects mice from gut ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing the adaptor p66(Shc)-mediated oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis. PMID: 24722289
- The detected PDPN-PRKCB, CD63-PRKCD, and LAMTOR1-PRKCD gene fusions are all predicted to result in chimeric proteins consisting of the membrane-binding part of PDPN, CD63, or LAMTOR1. PMID: 24721208
- PRKCB2 is specifically required for mTORC2-dependent AC9 activation and back retraction during neutrophil chemotaxis. PMID: 24600048
- Pharmacological inhibition of PRKCB1 via their specific inhibitors and neutralization of O2(*-) by a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic. PMID: 24936444
- Isoform betaII plays a central role in the PKC-dependent regulation of Kv1.5/Kvbeta1.2 channels. PMID: 24682423
- shRNA knockdown of PKCbeta reduced cellular proliferation, colony formation, and migratory capacity of melanoma cells and also reduced lung colonization of stably transduced melanoma cells in mice. PMID: 24406113
- STAT3 bound to previously undescribed negative regulatory elements within the promoter of PRKCB, which encodes PKCbetaII. PMID: 24550541
- Protein kinase C beta is important for the regulation of NHE-1 activity, which is associated with ERK1/2-p90RSK signaling pathways as a kinase of NHE-1 in cortical neuronal cells exposed to glutamate. PMID: 24378530
- Vimentin is a phosphorylation target of PKC-beta in MCP-1-treated monocytes, and PKC-beta phosphorylation is essential for vimentin secretion. PMID: 23974215
- CD40L may contribute to atherogenesis via PRKCB by activating endothelial cells and recruiting monocytes to them. PMID: 24039784
- The data suggest that PKCbeta1 plays a significant role in PANC1 cells, suggesting it acts as a suppressor of tumorigenic behavior in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 23695799
- Data suggest that hyperglycemia promotes cerebral-barrier dysfunction through activation of PKCbeta and consequent stimulation of oxidative stress and tight junction dissolution. PMID: 23617822
- This review summarizes the current knowledge of both PKCbeta and PKCdelta isoforms during atherogenesis, and addresses differential roles and disputable observations of PKC isoforms. PMID: 24440741
- The translocation of PKCBetaII was induced by soluble amyloid Beta precursor protein alpha. PMID: 23905995
- Normalization of glucose levels and silencing PKCB activity neutralized the effects of hyperglycemia on occludin and RhoA/Rho-kinase/MLC2 expression, localization, and activity, consequently improving in vitro blood-brain barrier integrity and function. PMID: 23963366
- HIF1alpha and PKCbeta have roles in mediating the effect of oxygen and glucose during wound healing. PMID: 23562913
- PKCbeta is the isoform responsible for Syk negative regulation. PMID: 23960082
- PKCalpha and PKCbeta cooperate in IL-2 transcriptional transactivation in primary mouse T cells independently of the actions of PKCtheta. PMID: 23439007
- Protein kinase Cbeta critically regulates dopamine D2 autoreceptor-activated dopamine transporter trafficking. PMID: 23458603
- Genetic variation in protein kinase C type beta may contribute toward the interindividual variation in DHV constriction responses to alpha2-AR activation by the agonist dexmedetomidine. PMID: 23337848
- PKCbeta plays an important role in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma survival. PMID: 21997316
- Inhibition of PKCbeta enhanced apoptosis of human autoreactive B cells. PMID: 23280626
- The expression of protein kinase C (PKC)-betaII and the subsequent activation of NF-κB in bone marrow stromal cells are prerequisites to support the survival of malignant B cells. PMID: 23328482
- Comparison of gene expression between PROX1-overexpressing and mock-transfected cells revealed that the expression of PRKCB2 is down-regulated in PROX1-overexpressing cells. A PRKCB inhibitor suppressed growth of control cells more than PROX1-expressing cells. PMID: 22833470
- Estrogen receptor-alpha, RBCK1, and protein kinase C beta 1 cooperate to regulate estrogen receptor-alpha gene expression. PMID: 23042805
Database Links
Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
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