Phospho-STAT1 (Ser727) Antibody

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Description

Antibody Characteristics

Host Species & Isotype: Rabbit IgG ( ).
Target Specificity: Recognizes STAT1α phosphorylated at Ser727; does not detect STAT1β (lacking Ser727) .
Molecular Weight: Detects ~84 kDa (observed) / 83 kDa (calculated) STAT1 in humans .
Cross-Reactivity: Confirmed in humans, mice, rats, and monkeys ( ); cited reactivity includes human and mouse ( ).

Key Epitope Features:

  • Ser727 phosphorylation enhances STAT1’s transcriptional activity and nuclear localization .

  • Stress-induced phosphorylation (e.g., LPS, UV, TNF-α) is mediated by p38 MAPK, distinct from IFN-γ-induced Tyr701 phosphorylation .

Recommended Dilutions:

ApplicationDilution RangeSource
Western Blot (WB)1:500 – 1:2000
Immunofluorescence (IF/ICC)1:200 – 1:800
Chromatin IP1:50

Validated Uses:

  • Detects STAT1 activation in IFN-γ-treated HeLa cells (WB) and IFN-α-treated HeLa cells (IF/ICC) .

  • Enhances STAT1-dependent transcription when combined with LPS in macrophages .

Functional Roles:

  • Immune Response: Integrates signals from IFN-γ, IFN-α/β, EGF, and IL-6 to regulate antimicrobial and inflammatory gene expression .

  • Stress Signaling: Mediates responses to UV irradiation, TNF-α, and bacterial LPS via p38 MAPK-dependent Ser727 phosphorylation .

Key Findings:

  • LPS or UV stress synergizes with IFN-γ to amplify STAT1 transcriptional activity by increasing Ser727 phosphorylation .

  • In macrophages, Ser727 phosphorylation occurs independently of Tyr701, enabling STAT1 to integrate diverse inflammatory signals .

Protocols and Best Practices

  • WB: Use RIPA buffer for lysate preparation; optimize blocking with 5% BSA .

  • IF/ICC: Fix cells with 4% paraformaldehyde; permeabilize with 0.1% Triton X-100 .

  • ChIP: Use 10 μg chromatin per IP with SimpleChIP® kits for optimal results .

Research Applications in Disease Models

  • Cancer: STAT1 Ser727 phosphorylation correlates with ferroptosis in gliomas and hepatocellular carcinoma .

  • Viral Infections: Regulates antiviral responses during classical swine fever virus replication .

  • Autoimmunity: Dysregulated STAT1 phosphorylation linked to lupus nephritis via RhoA GTPase signaling .

Product Specs

Form
Supplied at 1.0 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship products within 1-3 business days after receiving your order. Delivery times may vary depending on the purchase method or location. Please consult your local distributor for specific delivery information.
Synonyms
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 91kD antibody; CANDF7 antibody; DKFZp686B04100 antibody; IMD31A antibody; IMD31B antibody; IMD31C antibody; ISGF 3 antibody; ISGF-3 antibody; OTTHUMP00000163552 antibody; OTTHUMP00000165046 antibody; OTTHUMP00000165047 antibody; OTTHUMP00000205845 antibody; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 91kDa antibody; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 antibody; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kD antibody; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta antibody; STAT 1 antibody; Stat1 antibody; STAT1_HUMAN antibody; STAT91 antibody; Transcription factor ISGF 3 components p91 p84 antibody; Transcription factor ISGF-3 components p91/p84 antibody; Transcription factor ISGF3 components p91/p84 antibody; XStat1 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is a crucial protein mediating cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), the cytokine KITLG/SCF, and other cytokines and growth factors. In response to type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, downstream signaling through protein kinases activates Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1), leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex known as ISGF3 transcription factor, which translocates to the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), driving the cell into an antiviral state. Following type II IFN (IFN-gamma) stimulation, STAT1 undergoes both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. This leads to the formation of a homodimer called IFN-gamma-activated factor (GAF), which enters the nucleus and binds to the IFN gamma-activated sequence (GAS) to drive the expression of target genes, ultimately inducing a cellular antiviral state. STAT1 is also activated in response to KITLG/SCF and KIT signaling. It may further mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. Our findings suggest that STAT1-HDAC4 signaling promotes malignant tumor characteristics such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and sphere formation in CUG2-overexpressing cancer cells. PMID: 30226605
  2. Downregulation of NDR1 protein kinase inhibits innate immune response by initiating an miR146a-STAT1 feedback loop. PMID: 30018336
  3. High STAT1 expression is associated with melanoma. PMID: 29150430
  4. These results demonstrated that the immunosuppressive properties of B7H1 in human bone marrow and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells induced by IFNG were mediated by STAT1 signaling, but not by PI3K/RACalpha serine/threonine-protein kinase signaling. PMID: 29901104
  5. STAT1 plays a pivotal role as a tumor suppressor in glioma. PMID: 29800921
  6. The current study revealed a negative correlation between the expression of the STAT-1 gene and glioma grade, as well as between STAT-1 and mutant p53 expression. The negative correlation between STAT-1 and the pathological level of glioma suggested that STAT-1 may be associated with the occurrence and development of glioma and could serve as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for glioma malignancy. PMID: 29620180
  7. PARP9 and PARP14 regulate macrophage activation in macrophage cell lines treated with either IFNgamma or IL-4; PARP14 silencing induces pro-inflammatory genes and STAT1 phosphorylation in M(IFNgamma) cells, while suppressing anti-inflammatory gene expression and STAT6 phosphorylation in M(IL-4) cells. PMID: 27796300
  8. PVT1 interacts with STAT1 to inhibit IFN-alpha signaling and tumor cell proliferation. PMID: 29715456
  9. STAT1 is associated with giant cell tumor of bone recurrence and could serve as a biomarker for this event. PMID: 29651441
  10. High STAT1 expression is associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 29328389
  11. The research described here pinpoints the specific site in the JAK/STAT signaling cascade where the IFN response is inhibited and identifies the protein domain of nsP2 responsible for IFN inhibition. These findings shed light on novel aspects of antiviral defense and CHIKV counterdefense strategies, guiding the search for novel antiviral compounds. PMID: 29925658
  12. These results reveal that STAT1 pS727 regulates growth and differentiation in JAK-STAT activated neoplasms. Additionally, the study suggests that Mediator kinase inhibition represents a therapeutic strategy to regulate JAK-STAT signaling. PMID: 29239838
  13. Transcription factor STAT1 regulates the expression of LINC00174. PMID: 29729381
  14. Dysregulation of the IFN-gamma-STAT1 signaling pathway in a cell line model of large granular lymphocyte leukemia has been observed. PMID: 29474442
  15. STAT1b plays a key role in enhancing the tumor suppressor function of STAT1a in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), in a manner that can be amplified by IFN-gamma. PMID: 28981100
  16. HSP90 is an upstream regulator of the ACK1-dependent phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3. PMID: 28739485
  17. These findings suggest that IFN-a can inhibit HCV replication through a STAT2-dependent but STAT1-independent pathway, whereas IFN-g induces ISG expression and inhibits HCV replication exclusively through a STAT1- and STAT2-dependent pathway. PMID: 27929099
  18. MxA inhibits hepatitis C virus replication through JAK-STAT pathway activation. PMID: 29417241
  19. These results indicate the potential involvement of STAT1 in the regulation of trophoblast behavior. Furthermore, STAT1 functions are more efficiently inhibited by blocking its expression rather than its phosphorylation. PMID: 28552376
  20. Authors detected the ERK, p-ERK, and STAT1 expression in 131 ESCC cases and 22 case-matched normal esophageal tissues adjacent to the tumor specimens. These findings provide pathological evidence that ERK/p-ERK is negatively correlated with STAT1 in ESCC. PMID: 28431406
  21. 129:Stat1 (-/-) is a unique model for studying the critical origins and risk reduction strategies in age-related ER(+) breast cancer. Moreover, it can be utilized in preclinical trials of hormonal and targeted therapies, as well as immunotherapies. PMID: 28865492
  22. STAT1 knockdown using an inhibitor and siRNA attenuated the IL-17-mediated increases in IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF expression in A549 and H292 cells. PMID: 27819281
  23. Review of the role of STAT1 and STAT3 gain-of-function mutations in primary immunodeficiency/immunodysregulation disorders. PMID: 28914637
  24. IFN gamma induced upregulation of BCL6 was dependent on the classical STAT1 signaling pathway and affected both major BCL6 variants. Notably, although IFN alpha induced stronger STAT1 phosphorylation than IFN gamma, it only slightly upregulated BCL6 in multiple myeloma lines. PMID: 29510136
  25. This study demonstrates that miR-146a negatively regulates NK cell functions via STAT1 signaling. PMID: 26996068
  26. Authors found that YY1 and STAT1 were upregulated in ox-LDL-stimulating macrophages, followed by translocation in the nucleus and binding to the transcriptional promoter region of miR-29a, leading to an increase in miR-29a expression. PMID: 28593745
  27. Candidate biomarker genes such as CXCL10, IRF1, STAT1, IFIT2, and IFIT3 may be suitable therapeutic targets for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICM). PMID: 28150292
  28. Aberrant Th1 immune responses in biliary atresia promote the proliferation and secretion of hepatic stellate cells through the IFN-gamma/STAT1 pathway. PMID: 28304404
  29. Calcitriol treatment of the TL-1 cell line (a model of T-LGLL) led to decreased phospho-Y701 STAT1 and phospho-Y705 STAT3, as well as increased vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels. PMID: 27715403
  30. These findings indicate that viral replication and inflammation are linked through a common IFNgamma-like, STAT-dependent pathway and that HIV-1-induced STAT1 and STAT3 signaling are involved in both inflammation and HIV-1 replication. PMID: 28142265
  31. Increased levels of STAT1 protein in CD4 T-cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients are associated with disease severity. PMID: 28256939
  32. miR203 acts as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma by suppressing the pro-tumorigenic action of STAT1. PMID: 27705947
  33. Results show that high ph-STAT1 and ph-STAT3 tumor cell expression were associated with increased ER and PR, reduced tumor grade and necrosis. STAT1 and STAT3 expression appeared to be an important determinant of favorable outcome in patients with invasive ductal breast cancer suggesting that both act as tumor suppressor proteins in patients with ductal breast cancer. PMID: 27769057
  34. Results identified STAT1 as a central node of tumor-stimulated stromal signature and demonstrate that stromal STAT1 expression promotes tumor progression. PMID: 28108623
  35. The results of the present study indicate that ISTP may inhibit TARC/CCL17 production in human epidermal keratinocytes via the STAT1 signaling pathway and may be associated with the inhibition of IL33 production. PMID: 28447741
  36. In human gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) cell lines, treatment with imatinib abrogated the IFNgamma-induced upregulation of PD-L1 via STAT1 inhibition. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is a promising strategy to enhance the effects of targeted therapy in GISTs. PMID: 27470968
  37. STAT3/STAT1 ratios are better clinical predictors in colorectal carcinoma compared to STAT3 or STAT1 levels alone. PMID: 27191495
  38. In a subgroup of schizophrenic patients, blood levels of STAT1 were significantly higher compared to the control group. PMID: 27820940
  39. A positive feedback mechanism via the STAT1/3 pathway sustains cytokine production and reveals a reciprocal regulatory role of JAK/STAT in TNFalpha-mediated senescence. PMID: 29176033
  40. Our findings suggested that OSM suppresses SLUG expression and tumor metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells through inducing the inhibitory effect of the STAT1-dependent pathway and suppressing the activating effect of STAT3-dependent signaling. PMID: 27486982
  41. miR-2909 could play a vital role in prostate carcinogenesis through modulation of the ISGylation system and TGFbeta signaling via STAT1/SOCS3. PMID: 28622443
  42. The phosphorylation of STAT1 promotes its binding to TRADD, thus recruiting Fas-associated protein with DD (FADD) and caspase 8 to form DISC complexes. PMID: 28186502
  43. The results demonstrate that cystatin B interferes with the STAT-1 signaling and IFN-beta-antiviral responses, perpetuating HIV in macrophage reservoirs. PMID: 27137788
  44. We propose that one molecule of C protein associates with the STAT1:STAT2 heterodimer, inducing a conformational change to an antiparallel form, which is easily dephosphorylated. PMID: 28978648
  45. Transfections of undifferentiated shed cells with miR-450a-5p or miR-28-5p mimics or with miR-450a-5p or miR-28-5p antagonists demonstrated that these miRNAs might play a role as posttranscriptional controllers of STAT1 mRNA during osteoblastic differentiation. PMID: 28407302
  46. Data indicate that dysregulated IFN-gamma secretion by NK cells contributed to a significant defect in STAT1 in patients with advanced melanoma in response to IL-2 stimulation. PMID: 27153543
  47. Our results first identified that the proper increase of PD-1/STAT1 may contribute to hematopoietic improvement and prolonged survival in lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Our study proposed that the PD-1-related strategy to treat MDS should be different for lower risk patients than it is for those with highly progressive characteristics. PMID: 27686004
  48. Findings shed new light on the STAT1/miR-181a/PTEN pathway in colorectal cancer and provide new insight regarding the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. PMID: 28322462
  49. In lipotoxic hepatocytes, MLK3 activates a MAPK signaling cascade, resulting in the activating phosphorylation of STAT1, and CXCL10 transcriptional upregulation. PMID: 28262979
  50. Decreased phosphorylated STAT1 expression was accompanied by increased replication of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis E virus. PMID: 28442624

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Database Links

HGNC: 11362

OMIM: 600555

KEGG: hsa:6772

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000354394

UniGene: Hs.642990

Involvement In Disease
Immunodeficiency 31B (IMD31B); Immunodeficiency 31A (IMD31A); Immunodeficiency 31C (IMD31C)
Protein Families
Transcription factor STAT family
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

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