PIF4 Antibody
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Description
What is PIF4 Antibody?
PIF4 antibodies are polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies designed to bind specifically to the PIF4 protein, a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor involved in:
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High-temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation (thermomorphogenesis)
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Auxin biosynthesis regulation via direct activation of YUC8 and IAA29
These antibodies are pivotal for techniques like Western blotting, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSAs) to study PIF4's DNA-binding dynamics and protein interactions .
DNA Binding and Target Gene Regulation
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PIF4 binds G-box motifs (CACGTG) in promoters of auxin-related genes (e.g., YUC8, IAA19, IAA29) to regulate hypocotyl elongation .
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ChIP assays confirmed PIF4 binding to the PUB31 promoter (critical for microtubule orientation) and YUC8 promoter (auxin biosynthesis) under high temperatures .
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EMSA demonstrated PIF4's direct interaction with G-box-containing DNA fragments, which is essential for thermomorphogenesis .
Protein Interactions
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PIF4 interacts with CDF2 (DOF transcription factor) to co-regulate genes like YUC8 and CCA1, enhancing hypocotyl elongation .
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Forms tetramers to stabilize DNA looping, strengthening transcriptional activation .
Temperature-Dependent Activity
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PIF4 binding to target promoters (e.g., LNG1, LNG2) increases at high temperatures, driving auxin-mediated growth .
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Loss of PIF4 reduces auxin levels (DR5-GUS reporter assays) and hypocotyl elongation at 28°C .
Technical Validation
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Western blot: PIF4 antibodies detect a ~60 kDa band in A. thaliana nuclear extracts .
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ChIP-qPCR: Validated PIF4 binding to YUC8, IAA19, and PUB31 promoters .
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Specificity: Anti-PIF4 antibodies show no cross-reactivity in pif4 mutants .
Implications in Plant Biology
PIF4 antibodies have been instrumental in uncovering:
Product Specs
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)
Synonyms
PIF4 antibody; BHLH9 antibody; EN102 antibody; SRL2 antibody; At2g43010 antibody; MFL8.13 antibody; Transcription factor PIF4 antibody; Basic helix-loop-helix protein 9 antibody; AtbHLH9 antibody; bHLH 9 antibody; Phytochrome-interacting factor 4 antibody; Short under red-light 2 antibody; Transcription factor EN 102 antibody; bHLH transcription factor bHLH009 antibody
Target Names
PIF4
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
PIF4 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the phytochrome B signaling pathway. It functions as a negative regulator, modulating the expression of genes involved in cell expansion. PIF4 binds to the G-box motif, potentially influencing the regulation of cell size. Notably, PIF4 is activated by CRY1 and CRY2 in response to low blue light (LBL). This activation occurs through direct binding at chromatin on the E-box variant 5'-CA[CT]GTG-3', leading to the stimulation of specific gene expression. This transcriptional response allows plants to adapt their physiology, such as hypocotyl elongation, to low blue light conditions.
Gene References Into Functions
- The interaction between TOC1 and PIF4 plays a crucial role in the circadian gating of thermoresponsive growth. PMID: 27966533
- DCL1 interacts with PIF4. Notably, PIF4 functions as a transcription factor for certain miRNA genes and is essential for the proper accumulation of miRNAs. PMID: 29522510
- Research indicates that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4)-mediated thermosensory growth and architectural adaptations are directly linked to the suppression of immunity at elevated temperatures. PIF4 promotes growth and development while negatively regulating immune responses. PMID: 28041792
- Studies reveal that the phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) is essential for cytokinin (CK) upregulation of the transcription of CKRC2/YUC8. Furthermore, the transcription of PIF4 itself is induced by CK through the AHKs-ARR1/12 signaling pathway. PMID: 27827441
- Transcriptome analysis suggests that increased expression of the transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF4) may contribute to hybrid vigor by targeting the auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA8 and the auxin signaling gene IAA29. PMID: 28396418
- BAF60 binds to nucleosome-free regions of multiple G box-containing genes, opposing in cis the promoting effect of the photomorphogenic and thermomorphogenic regulator Phytochrome Interacting Factor 4 (PIF4) on hypocotyl elongation. Additionally, BAF60 expression levels are regulated in response to light and daily rhythms. PMID: 28619072
- COG1 binds to the promoter regions of PIF4 and PIF5, and PIF4 and PIF5 bind to the promoter regions of key Brassinosteroid biosynthetic genes, such as DWF4 and BR6ox2, directly promoting their expression. PMID: 28438793
- These findings delineate a mechanistic framework where DET1/COP1 and HY5 regulatory modules function independently to regulate growth through the environmental signal integrator PIF4. PMID: 28076780
- Ethylene-insensitive 3 (EIN3) is involved in the direct regulation of YUC9 transcription in this process. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) acts as a transcriptional activator for YUC5/8/9. PMID: 27716807
- This review examines PIF4 as a key integrator of multiple signaling pathways, optimizing growth in the environment. PMID: 27432188
- LEC1 acts as a coactivator of PIFs in transcriptional regulation during postembryonic growth. PMID: 26566918
- In environments where blue light is diminished, such as under a canopy, CRY1 and CRY2 perceive this change and respond by directly interacting with two bHLH transcription factors, PIF4 and PIF5. PMID: 26724867
- CRY1 represses auxin biosynthesis in response to elevated temperature through PIF4. PMID: 26699514
- PIF4 and PIF5 negatively regulate red light-induced anthocyanin accumulation through transcriptional repression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis. PMID: 26259175
- Phytochrome-interacting transcription factors PIF4 and PIF5 induce leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. PMID: 25119965
- The expression levels of PIF3, 4, and 5 were significantly upregulated during both age-triggered and dark-induced leaf senescence. PMID: 25296857
- At least two downstream modules participate in diurnal rhythmic hypocotyl growth: PIF4 and/or PIF5 modulation of auxin-related pathways and PIF-independent regulation of the gibberellic acid (GA) pathway. PMID: 21430186
- The PIF4 and PIF5 transcription factors promote flowering through at least two mechanisms: inducing FT expression in warm nights and acting outside of FT via an unknown mechanism in warm days. PMID: 24574484
- The light-regulated PIF4 (phytochrome-interacting factor 4) factor is a phosphorylation target of the BR signaling kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2), which marks this transcriptional regulator for proteasome degradation. PMID: 25085420
- The circadian clock and PIF4/PIF5 mediated external coincidence mechanism are involved in the transcription of ST2A. PMID: 24317064
- Data indicate that PIF4 and PIF5 negatively regulate auxin signaling. Notably, PIF4 and PIF5 negatively modulate auxin-mediated phototropism by directly activating IAA19 and IAA29, which physically interact with auxin factor7 (ARF7). PMID: 23757399
- PIF4 and/or PIF5 act as modulators of auxin signaling, implicated in the rhythmic elongation of hypocotyls. PMID: 23037003
- The circadian clock influences the expression of PIF4 in response to high temperatures. PMID: 23037004
- PIF4 regulates elongation growth by directly controlling the expression of genes encoding auxin biosynthesis and auxin signaling components. PMID: 22536829
- PhyB-mediated, post-translational regulation allows PIF3 accumulation to peak just before dawn, accelerating hypocotyl growth, alongside PIF4 and PIF5, by directly regulating the induction of growth-related genes. PMID: 22409654
- BZR1 and PIF4 interact with each other in vitro and in vivo, bind to nearly 2,000 common target genes, and synergistically regulate many of these target genes. PMID: 22820378
- Research elucidates a molecular framework by which the PIF4 transcriptional regulator integrates its action into the auxin pathway through activating the expression of a specific auxin biosynthetic gene (YUCCA8). PMID: 22479194
- This study demonstrates a direct mechanism by which increasing temperature causes the bHLH transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) to activate FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). PMID: 22437497
- These results demonstrate direct molecular links among PIF4, auxin, and elongation growth at high temperatures. PMID: 22123947
- An external coincidence model involving the clock-controlled PIF4/PIF5-ATHB2 pathway is crucial for the diurnal and photoperiodic control of plant growth in A. thaliana. PMID: 21666227
- PIF4 and PIF5 are responsible not only for red light signaling through the phytochromes but also for blue light signaling in the photomorphogenic control of hypocotyl elongation. PMID: 21150090
- A non-synonymous coding SNP at PIF4 is significantly associated with variation in average early internode length and marginally associated with total inflorescence length. PMID: 20456226
- Microarray analysis indicates that PIF4 and PIF5 are part of an inhibitory mechanism that represses the expression of some light-responsive genes in the dark, and they are also essential for the full expression of several growth-related genes in the light. PMID: 19619162
- Overexpression of SHORT HYPOCOTYL UNDER BLUE1 enhanced the expression of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) under red light. PMID: 16500988
- Data provide evidence that the mechanism by which PIF4 operates on the phyB signaling pathway under prolonged red light is through maintaining low phyB protein levels, in an additive or synergistic manner. PMID: 18252845
- PIF4 Acts in a phytochrome-Dependent Manner to Mediate Changes in Stomatal Index. PMID: 19185498
- Results suggest that PIF4 is a crucial component of plant high temperature signaling and integrates multiple environmental cues during plant development. PMID: 19249207
Database Links
Protein Families
BHLH protein family
Subcellular Location
Nucleus.
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