PLC2 Antibody
Description
Definition and Biological Relevance
PLCγ2 (Phospholipase C gamma-2) is a cytoplasmic enzyme encoded by the PLCG2 gene, primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. It hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3), critical for calcium signaling and immune receptor activation . Antibodies targeting PLCγ2 enable researchers to study its expression, localization, and functional roles in diseases such as:
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Neurodegeneration: Rare PLCγ2 variants (e.g., P522R, M28L) modify Alzheimer’s disease risk .
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Cancer: PLCγ2 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by activating the Akt-mTOR pathway and shaping an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment .
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Immunodeficiency: Gain-of-function PLCG2 mutations cause APLAID syndrome, characterized by autoinflammation and immune dysregulation .
Antibody Characterization and Validation
Recent studies have standardized protocols to evaluate PLCγ2 antibody performance across applications:
Example Antibody Performance Data:
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MAB3716 (R&D Systems): Detects endogenous PLCγ2 in human U937 and mouse A20 cell lines via WB .
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#3872 (Cell Signaling Technology): Validated for WB and IP in human/mouse samples, reacts at 150 kDa .
Immune Cell Signaling
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B Cells: PLCγ2 is essential for B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, mediating calcium flux and antibody production .
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T Cells: Cooperates with PLCγ1 in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and CD4+ effector cell differentiation .
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Myeloid Cells: Regulates Fc receptor-mediated responses in neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells .
Disease Mechanisms
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Cancer: PLCγ2 drives CRC metastasis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune evasion .
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APLAID Syndrome: A novel PLCG2 mutation (p.Leu845Ser) reduces myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and CD4+ effector T cells, exacerbating intestinal inflammation .
Clinical and Therapeutic Implications
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Biomarker Potential: High PLCγ2 expression correlates with poor prognosis in CRC and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy .
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Therapeutic Targeting: Preclinical models show that PLCγ2 inhibition sensitizes tumors to ICB, suggesting combinatorial treatment strategies .
Limitations and Recommendations
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
- In plants deficient in PLC2, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following flg22 treatment is compromised. This suggests that PLC2 plays a role in a branch of MAMP-triggered immunity and nonhost resistance that involves early ROS-regulated processes. Notably, PLC2 associates with the NADPH oxidase RBOHD, indicating potential regulation by PLC2. PMID: 28827453
- PLC2 is essential for female gametogenesis and embryo development. PMID: 27999988
- PLC2 is involved in auxin biosynthesis and signaling, thereby modulating the development of both male and female gametophytes in Arabidopsis. PMID: 26340337
- Seedlings of the plc2-1 mutant exhibited growth defects that were complemented by heterologous expression of AtPLC2. This suggests that the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activity associated with AtPLC2 is essential for seedling growth. PMID: 26401841
- Both AtPI4KIIIbeta1 and AtPI4KIIIbeta2 can act upstream of the PI-PLC. Evidence suggests that de novo synthesis of PtdIns4P by PI4K occurs concurrently with PI-PLC activation. [PI-PLC] PMID: 22318862
