Poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP-1) is an enzyme that modifies various nuclear proteins through a post-translational modification called poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. This modification is synthesized in response to DNA damage and serves as a crucial step in the detection and signaling pathway leading to DNA strand break repair and programmed cell death. PARP-1 plays a vital role in safeguarding the genome against mutations.