PRKCH Antibody
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Description
Definition and Key Features
PRKCH antibody is a polyclonal or monoclonal immunoglobulin designed to bind specifically to the PKCη protein. It is widely used in techniques such as:
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Western blot (WB)
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Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
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Immunofluorescence (IF)
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Biological Context of PRKCH/PKCη
PKCη regulates:
Dysregulation of PKCη is linked to:
Oncology
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Pro-Tumor Role: PRKCH overexpression in lacrimal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) enhances proliferation, migration, and invasion while suppressing apoptosis. Knockdown of PRKCH via miR-24-3p reverses these effects .
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Therapeutic Target: In melanoma, PRKCH enhances CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity and predicts immunotherapy efficacy. Overexpression in OT-1 CD8+ T cells improves tumor suppression in murine models .
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Drug Resistance: PKCη confers resistance to irradiation and chemotherapy in glioblastoma and MCF-7 cells by inhibiting caspase-9 and activating NF-κB .
Immunology
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T Cell Regulation:
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B Cell Signaling: PKCη upregulates IRF4 during pre-B cell receptor signaling, facilitating light-chain gene rearrangement .
Autoimmune Diseases
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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): A missense polymorphism (rs2230500) in PRKCH is associated with reduced RA risk in Japanese populations. PKCη modulates T cell activation, influencing autoimmune responses .
Technical Validation Data
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Western Blot: Detects a 78 kDa band in human HEK293, Jurkat, and MCF-7 lysates .
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IHC: Strong staining in human small intestine and lung cancer tissues at 1:700 dilution .
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Species Cross-Reactivity: Validated in mouse kidney and rat stomach tissues .
Challenges and Future Directions
Product Specs
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
We typically dispatch products within 1-3 working days after receiving your order. Delivery time may vary depending on the purchasing method or location. Please consult your local distributors for specific delivery time information.
Synonyms
KPCL_HUMAN antibody; MGC 5363 antibody; MGC26269 antibody; MGC5363 antibody; nPKC eta antibody; nPKC-eta antibody; PKC h antibody; PKC L antibody; PKC-L antibody; PKCh antibody; PKCL antibody; Prkch antibody; PRKCL antibody; Protein kinase C eta antibody; Protein kinase C eta type antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
PRKCH antibody targets Protein Kinase C Eta (PKCeta), a calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase. PKCeta plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including:
• **Cell Differentiation:** PKCeta regulates cell differentiation in keratinocytes and pre-B cells. In keratinocytes, it activates the tyrosine kinase FYN, which inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, leading to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation.
• **Cell Cycle Regulation:** PKCeta associates with the cyclin CCNE1-CDK2-CDKN1B complex and inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, resulting in RB1 dephosphorylation and G1 arrest in keratinocytes.
• **Actin Dynamics:** In association with RALA, PKCeta activates actin depolymerization, essential for keratinocyte differentiation.
• **Pre-B Cell Receptor Signaling:** In pre-B cell receptor signaling, PKCeta functions downstream of BLNK by upregulating IRF4, activating L chain gene rearrangement.
• **Epithelial Tight Junction Integrity:** PKCeta regulates epithelial tight junctions (TJs) by phosphorylating occludin (OCLN) on threonine residues, crucial for TJ assembly and maintenance.
• **Foam Cell Formation:** PKCeta is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RGS2 down-regulation and foam cell formation in association with PLD2 and via TLR4 signaling.
• **Glioblastoma Proliferation and Apoptosis Prevention:** Upon PMA stimulation, PKCeta mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation by activating the mTOR pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, and ERK1-dependent phosphorylation of ELK1. It also prevents caspase-9 activation, protecting glioblastoma cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis.
• **DNA Damage Response:** In camptothecin-treated MCF-7 cells, PKCeta activates IKBKB, regulating NF-kappa-B upstream signaling and protecting against DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
• **ATF2 Regulation:** PKCeta promotes the oncogenic functions of ATF2 in the nucleus while inhibiting its apoptotic function at mitochondria. It phosphorylates ATF2, promoting its nuclear retention and transcriptional activity, and negatively regulating its mitochondrial localization.
• **Cell Differentiation:** PKCeta regulates cell differentiation in keratinocytes and pre-B cells. In keratinocytes, it activates the tyrosine kinase FYN, which inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, leading to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation.
• **Cell Cycle Regulation:** PKCeta associates with the cyclin CCNE1-CDK2-CDKN1B complex and inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, resulting in RB1 dephosphorylation and G1 arrest in keratinocytes.
• **Actin Dynamics:** In association with RALA, PKCeta activates actin depolymerization, essential for keratinocyte differentiation.
• **Pre-B Cell Receptor Signaling:** In pre-B cell receptor signaling, PKCeta functions downstream of BLNK by upregulating IRF4, activating L chain gene rearrangement.
• **Epithelial Tight Junction Integrity:** PKCeta regulates epithelial tight junctions (TJs) by phosphorylating occludin (OCLN) on threonine residues, crucial for TJ assembly and maintenance.
• **Foam Cell Formation:** PKCeta is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RGS2 down-regulation and foam cell formation in association with PLD2 and via TLR4 signaling.
• **Glioblastoma Proliferation and Apoptosis Prevention:** Upon PMA stimulation, PKCeta mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation by activating the mTOR pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, and ERK1-dependent phosphorylation of ELK1. It also prevents caspase-9 activation, protecting glioblastoma cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis.
• **DNA Damage Response:** In camptothecin-treated MCF-7 cells, PKCeta activates IKBKB, regulating NF-kappa-B upstream signaling and protecting against DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
• **ATF2 Regulation:** PKCeta promotes the oncogenic functions of ATF2 in the nucleus while inhibiting its apoptotic function at mitochondria. It phosphorylates ATF2, promoting its nuclear retention and transcriptional activity, and negatively regulating its mitochondrial localization.
Gene References Into Functions
- PKCeta utilizes the ERK signaling pathway to protect against ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of Mcl-1. PMID: 28939105
- The PRKCH rs2230500 gene polymorphism is significantly associated with the efficiency of telmisartan therapy (p = 0.02). This polymorphism may influence the antihypertensive efficacy of telmisartan in Chinese EH patients. PMID: 28640647
- PRKCH is highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and is essential for optimal HSC function. PMID: 28596089
- The association between PRKCH 1425G/A and lacunar infarction was independent of traditional stroke risk factors. PMID: 25900926
- Variant genotypes of PRKCH 1425G/A are an independent prognostic factor for ischemic stroke in the final multivariate Cox regression model. PMID: 25370935
- Meta-analysis indicated that the 1425G/A SNP in PRKCH may contribute to stroke susceptibility, especially for ischemic stroke. PMID: 25272991
- PKCeta promotes senescence by upregulating the expression of cell cycle inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, enhancing transcription and secretion of IL-6. PMID: 25412309
- The 1425G/A polymorphism in PRKCH is not a significant predictor of stroke recurrence in patients with acute ischemic stroke during a 2-year follow-up period. PMID: 24534126
- PKC-eta associates with NHE3 and gamma tubulin to promote cell polarity during migration. PMID: 24788043
- siRNA-mediated silencing of PKCeta can be a potent tool to complement existing chemotherapy regimens for treating EBV(+) B lymphoma. PMID: 24784886
- The PKC family genes may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS relapse by modulating the association between 25(OH)D and relapse. PMID: 23868949
- Type V collagen induces the down-regulation of protein kinase C eta. PMID: 22213077
- The regulation of PKCeta is unique, and PKCepsilon is required for PKC activator-induced upregulation of PKCeta. PMID: 22892130
- The single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2230500) in PRKCH decreases the risk of carotid intima-media thickness. PMID: 22808203
- There was loss of the negative correlation in the expression levels of CD3eta and FcepsilonRIgamma genes in CLL patients. PMID: 22664044
- Protein kinase Ceta 1425G/A variant was not a risk locus for deep intracerebral hemorrhage phenotype. PMID: 22999931
- The PKCeta isoform is a negative regulator of the AKT signaling pathway. IGF-I induced phosphorylation on Ser473 of AKT was inhibited by PKCeta-induced expression in MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cancer cells. PMID: 22305966
- A remarkable association of minor alleles (1425G/A and _15) in the PRKCH gene with an elevated risk of coronary artery disease and increased levels of LDL-C in a Chinese population. PMID: 21625852
- Meta-analyses suggested that the 1425G/A SNP in PRKCH was associated with ischemic stroke, particularly lacunar infarction, in Chinese and Japanese populations. PMID: 22044875
- A significant association between the PRKCH 1425G/A polymorphism and SSNHL risk was observed through a nested case-control analysis within a population-based study. PMID: 21756056
- PKCeta is involved in NF-kappaB signaling, leading to drug resistance. PMID: 21820409
- Catalytic activity of protein kinase C eta (PKCeta) is not essential for the enlarged and flattened morphology of differentiated human keratinocytes, although it is important for gene expression of the marker proteins. PMID: 21346190
- The AA genotype of PRKCH, compared to the G/G genotype, may be associated with a higher risk of severe gastric atrophy. PMID: 20602195
- Reduced expression of PKCeta may indicate a molecular lesion in the development of more aggressive human hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 20001341
- PKC eta negatively regulates UV-induced apoptosis through its localization, resistance to cleavage, and the p38 MAPK pathway. PMID: 12646210
- Minute virus of mice infection causes accumulation of endogenous PKCeta in the nuclear periphery and regulates this NS1 regulating kinase, highlighting the tight interconnection between PKC-mediated signaling and the parvoviral life cycle. PMID: 12829844
- There is a clear correlation of PKC eta expression with tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 14666709
- Protein kinase C isoforms may play a role in the pathogenesis of myofibrillar myopathy, as protein kinase C eta was expressed in abnormal muscle fibers. PMID: 15159477
- PKC-eta targets the Akt and mTOR signaling pathways. PMID: 15489897
- PKCeta translocates to the nuclear envelope, suggesting that its spatial regulation could be important for its cellular functions, including effects on cell cycle control and involvement in tumor promotion. PMID: 16242915
- PKC-eta-mediated glioblastoma proliferation involves MEK/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation, activation of ERK, and subsequently Elk-1. PMID: 17146445
- PRKCH is a susceptibility gene for rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population. PMID: 17195206
- Fission of transport carriers at the trans-Golgi network depends specifically on PLCbeta3, which is necessary to activate PKCeta and PKD in that Golgi compartment, via diacylglycerol production. PMID: 17492941
- PKCeta functions as an anti-apoptotic protein in Hodgkin's lymphoma-derived cell lines. PMID: 17786031
- PRKCH mRNA was expressed at lower levels in rheumatoid arthritis unrelated patients than in healthy controls, indicating that it may not be a major susceptibility genetic factor for rheumatoid arthritis in the French Caucasian population. PMID: 17957454
- PRKCH gene polymorphisms are associated with subcortical silent brain infarction. PMID: 18164711
- PKCeta is a unique element in interferon signaling, playing a key and essential role in the generation of the regulatory effects of type I IFNs on normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. PMID: 19211565
- nPKCeta positively regulates agonist-induced thromboxane generation with no effects on platelet aggregation. PMID: 19286657
- The 1425G/A SNP in PRKCH increases the risk of both ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage in the Chinese population. PMID: 19520989
- PKCeta is an anti-apoptotic protein, acting as a negative regulator of JNK activity. PMID: 19523467
- Translational regulation could provide an additional level for controlling the expression of PKC family members. PMID: 19797084
- A nonsynonymous SNP in PRKCH increases the risk of cerebral infarction in the general Japanese population. PKCeta was also found to be expressed in vascular endothelial cells and foamy macrophages in human atherosclerotic lesions. PMID: 17206144
Database Links
Involvement In Disease
Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR)
Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm.
Tissue Specificity
Most abundant in lung, less in heart and skin.
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