Carzenide
Catalog Number: BT-253263
CAS Number: 138-41-0
Molecular Formula: C7H7NO4S
Molecular Weight: 201.2 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction
Description
Carzenide is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of thiol-based antioxidants. It is a synthetic derivative of the natural antioxidant glutathione, which plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. Carzenide has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential therapeutic and industrial applications.
Properties
CAS Number
138-41-0
Product Name
Carzenide
IUPAC Name
4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid
Molecular Formula
C7H7NO4S
Molecular Weight
201.2 g/mol
InChI
InChI=1S/C7H7NO4S/c8-13(11,12)6-3-1-5(2-4-6)7(9)10/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H2,8,11,12)
InChI Key
UCAGLBKTLXCODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)N
Synonyms
carzenide
carzenide dipotassium salt
carzenide, monosilver (+1) salt
p-sulphamoylbenzoic acid
sulfamoylbenzoic acid
carzenide dipotassium salt
carzenide, monosilver (+1) salt
p-sulphamoylbenzoic acid
sulfamoylbenzoic acid
Canonical SMILES
C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)N
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Carzenide can be synthesized by several methods, including chemical synthesis, enzymatic synthesis, and microbial synthesis. Chemical synthesis involves the reaction of glutathione with a thiol-reactive compound, such as N-ethylmaleimide or iodoacetamide, to form carzenide. Enzymatic synthesis involves the use of glutathione S-transferase enzymes to catalyze the reaction between glutathione and a thiol-reactive compound. Microbial synthesis involves the use of microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, to produce carzenide through recombinant DNA technology.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the reaction conditions and the purity of the starting materials. Chemical synthesis is the most commonly used method for producing carzenide, with a yield of up to 80%. Enzymatic synthesis has a lower yield but is more environmentally friendly and safer than chemical synthesis. Microbial synthesis has the potential to produce carzenide in large quantities but requires further optimization to improve the yield and purity.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the reaction conditions and the purity of the starting materials. Chemical synthesis is the most commonly used method for producing carzenide, with a yield of up to 80%. Enzymatic synthesis has a lower yield but is more environmentally friendly and safer than chemical synthesis. Microbial synthesis has the potential to produce carzenide in large quantities but requires further optimization to improve the yield and purity.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Carzenide has a molecular weight of 307.4 g/mol and a chemical formula of C10H16N3O5S. It contains a thiol group (-SH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) that are essential for its antioxidant activity. Carzenide acts as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) by donating its thiol group to neutralize these harmful molecules.
Carzenide has been shown to have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. It can protect cells from oxidative stress-induced damage and reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Carzenide has also been shown to have neuroprotective effects and can improve cognitive function in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases.
Carzenide has been shown to have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. It can protect cells from oxidative stress-induced damage and reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Carzenide has also been shown to have neuroprotective effects and can improve cognitive function in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases.
Biological Effects
Carzenide can affect cell function and signal transduction by modulating the activity of various enzymes and signaling pathways. It can regulate the activity of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and modulate the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress and inflammation. Carzenide can also affect the activity of enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism, such as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase.
Carzenide has potential therapeutic and toxic effects depending on the dose and duration of exposure. At low concentrations, carzenide can protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. However, at high concentrations, carzenide can induce oxidative stress and cell death. Carzenide has been shown to have a narrow therapeutic window, and further studies are needed to determine its optimal dose and duration of exposure.
Carzenide has potential therapeutic and toxic effects depending on the dose and duration of exposure. At low concentrations, carzenide can protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. However, at high concentrations, carzenide can induce oxidative stress and cell death. Carzenide has been shown to have a narrow therapeutic window, and further studies are needed to determine its optimal dose and duration of exposure.
Applications
Carzenide has potential applications in medical research, environmental research, and industrial research. In medical research, carzenide has been studied for its role in drug development and clinical trials. It has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects in various diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cancer. However, further studies are needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans.
In environmental research, carzenide has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have potential applications in the treatment of wastewater and the remediation of contaminated soils. However, further studies are needed to determine its environmental impact and sustainability.
In industrial research, carzenide has been studied for its use in manufacturing processes and improving product quality and efficiency. It has been shown to have potential applications in the food and beverage industry, cosmetics industry, and textile industry. However, further studies are needed to determine its health and safety considerations.
In environmental research, carzenide has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have potential applications in the treatment of wastewater and the remediation of contaminated soils. However, further studies are needed to determine its environmental impact and sustainability.
In industrial research, carzenide has been studied for its use in manufacturing processes and improving product quality and efficiency. It has been shown to have potential applications in the food and beverage industry, cosmetics industry, and textile industry. However, further studies are needed to determine its health and safety considerations.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
Carzenide has several limitations in its use and study, including its narrow therapeutic window, low bioavailability, and potential toxicity. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of novel formulations and delivery systems to improve its bioavailability and reduce its toxicity. Future trends and prospects in the application of carzenide in scientific research include the development of new therapeutic targets and the identification of new biological activities. However, further studies are needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans and its environmental impact and sustainability.
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