HEPES
Catalog Number: BT-253687
CAS Number: 7365-45-9
Molecular Formula: C8H18N2O4S
Molecular Weight: 238.31 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction
Description
HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) is a zwitterionic buffer commonly used in biological and biochemical research. It is a highly soluble, non-toxic, and stable compound that maintains a constant pH in a wide range of biological systems. HEPES is widely used in cell culture, protein purification, and enzyme assays due to its unique properties.
Properties
CAS Number
7365-45-9
Product Name
HEPES
IUPAC Name
2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-4-ium-1-yl]ethanesulfonate
Molecular Formula
C8H18N2O4S
Molecular Weight
238.31 g/mol
InChI
InChI=1S/C8H18N2O4S/c11-7-5-9-1-3-10(4-2-9)6-8-15(12,13)14/h11H,1-8H2,(H,12,13,14)
InChI Key
JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
C1CN(CC[NH+]1CCO)CCS(=O)(=O)[O-]
Synonyms
HEPES
HEPES Monosodium Salt
Monosodium Salt, HEPES
N 2 Hydroxyethylpiperazine N' 2' ethanesulfonic Acid
N-2-Hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2'-ethanesulfonic Acid
Salt, HEPES Monosodium
HEPES Monosodium Salt
Monosodium Salt, HEPES
N 2 Hydroxyethylpiperazine N' 2' ethanesulfonic Acid
N-2-Hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2'-ethanesulfonic Acid
Salt, HEPES Monosodium
Canonical SMILES
C1CN(CC[NH+]1CCO)CCS(=O)(=O)[O-]
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
HEPES can be synthesized by several methods, including the reaction of piperazine with ethylene oxide and sulfonic acid, the reaction of piperazine with chloroacetic acid, and the reaction of piperazine with ethylene chlorohydrin and sodium sulfite. The efficiency and yield of each method vary, but the reaction of piperazine with ethylene oxide and sulfonic acid is the most commonly used method due to its high yield and purity. However, this method requires the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals, which can pose environmental and safety considerations.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
HEPES is a zwitterionic buffer with a pKa of 7.5, which makes it an effective buffer in the physiological pH range. The chemical structure of HEPES consists of a piperazine ring, an ethyl group, and a sulfonic acid group. HEPES has a high water solubility and is stable at a wide range of temperatures and pH values. HEPES is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which is involved in the regulation of acid-base balance in the body.
Biological Effects
HEPES has several biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been shown to enhance the growth and survival of cells in culture, improve the stability of proteins, and increase the activity of enzymes. HEPES has also been shown to have potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological disorders. However, HEPES can also have toxic effects on cells at high concentrations, which can lead to cell death and tissue damage.
Applications
HEPES has a wide range of applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. In medical research, HEPES is used in drug development, clinical trials, and findings. It has been shown to improve the efficacy and safety of drugs, reduce side effects, and enhance drug delivery. In environmental research, HEPES is used to study the effects of pollutants on ecosystems, manage pollution, and promote sustainability. In industrial research, HEPES is used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency, and to ensure health and safety considerations.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
Despite its widespread use, there are still limitations in the use and study of HEPES. One of the main challenges is the lack of understanding of its mechanism of action and biological targets. There is also a need for more research on the potential toxic effects of HEPES on cells and tissues. Future trends and prospects in the application of HEPES in scientific research include the development of new and improved methods of synthesis, the identification of new biological targets, and the exploration of its potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of various diseases.
Conclusion
HEPES is a versatile and widely used buffer in biological and biochemical research. Its unique properties make it an effective tool in cell culture, protein purification, and enzyme assays. However, there are still limitations and challenges in the use and study of HEPES, which require further research and development. The future prospects of HEPES in scientific research are promising, and it is likely to continue to play an important role in medical, environmental, and industrial research.
Conclusion
HEPES is a versatile and widely used buffer in biological and biochemical research. Its unique properties make it an effective tool in cell culture, protein purification, and enzyme assays. However, there are still limitations and challenges in the use and study of HEPES, which require further research and development. The future prospects of HEPES in scientific research are promising, and it is likely to continue to play an important role in medical, environmental, and industrial research.
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