Buy Carmoxirole hydrochloride (BT-254155)

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Carmoxirole hydrochloride

Catalog Number: BT-254155

CAS Number: 115092-85-8

Molecular Formula: C24H27ClN2O2

Molecular Weight: 410.9 g/mol

The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.

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Product Introduction

Description

Carmoxirole hydrochloride is a synthetic compound that belongs to the class of dopamine receptor agonists. It has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and restless leg syndrome. In addition, it has also been investigated for its potential use in environmental and industrial research.

Properties

CAS Number

115092-85-8

Product Name

Carmoxirole hydrochloride

IUPAC Name

3-[4-(4-phenyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-1-yl)butyl]-1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid;hydrochloride

Molecular Formula

C24H27ClN2O2

Molecular Weight

410.9 g/mol

InChI

InChI=1S/C24H26N2O2.ClH/c27-24(28)20-9-10-23-22(16-20)21(17-25-23)8-4-5-13-26-14-11-19(12-15-26)18-6-2-1-3-7-18;/h1-3,6-7,9-11,16-17,25H,4-5,8,12-15H2,(H,27,28);1H

InChI Key

LRJUHOBITQUXIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

C1CN(CC=C1C2=CC=CC=C2)CCCCC3=CNC4=C3C=C(C=C4)C(=O)O.Cl

Synonyms

carmoxirole
EMD 45609
EMD-45609

Canonical SMILES

C1CN(CC=C1C2=CC=CC=C2)CCCCC3=CNC4=C3C=C(C=C4)C(=O)O.Cl

Method of Synthesis or Extraction

Carmoxirole hydrochloride can be synthesized using various methods, including the reaction of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid with 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone, followed by reduction and acetylation. Another method involves the reaction of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid with 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone, followed by cyclization and reduction. The efficiency and yield of each method depend on various factors, including the reaction conditions, the purity of the starting materials, and the expertise of the chemist. Environmental and safety considerations are also important, as some of the reagents and solvents used in the synthesis process can be hazardous to human health and the environment.

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity

The chemical structure of carmoxirole hydrochloride consists of a benzothiophene ring system with a carboxylic acid and an amine group. It acts as a selective agonist of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors, which are involved in the regulation of motor function, mood, and cognition. The binding of carmoxirole hydrochloride to these receptors leads to the activation of downstream signaling pathways, resulting in the modulation of neurotransmitter release and neuronal activity. The bioactivity and potency of carmoxirole hydrochloride depend on various factors, including the affinity and selectivity for different dopamine receptor subtypes, the dose and duration of treatment, and the presence of other drugs or chemicals that may interact with the compound.

Biological Effects

Carmoxirole hydrochloride has been shown to have various effects on cell function and signal transduction, including the modulation of dopamine release, the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. These effects can have potential therapeutic and toxic effects, depending on the context and the dose of the compound. For example, carmoxirole hydrochloride has been shown to improve motor function and reduce dyskinesia in animal models of Parkinson's disease, but it can also cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and hallucinations.

Applications

In medical research, carmoxirole hydrochloride has been studied for its role in drug development, clinical trials, and findings. It has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and restless leg syndrome. However, its use in clinical practice is limited by its side effects and the lack of long-term safety data. In environmental research, carmoxirole hydrochloride has been investigated for its effects on ecosystems, its role in pollution management, and its sustainability and environmental impact. In industrial research, carmoxirole hydrochloride has been used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency, but health and safety considerations are important due to its potential toxicity and environmental hazards.

Future Perspectives and Challenges

Current limitations in the use and study of carmoxirole hydrochloride include the lack of long-term safety data, the need for more selective and potent compounds, and the challenges in translating preclinical findings to clinical practice. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of more selective and potent dopamine receptor agonists, the use of advanced imaging and biomarker techniques to monitor the effects of the compound in vivo, and the integration of multidisciplinary approaches to address the complex nature of the diseases and conditions targeted by the compound. Future trends and prospects in the application of carmoxirole hydrochloride in scientific research include the exploration of its potential use in combination with other drugs or therapies, the investigation of its effects on other neurotransmitter systems and signaling pathways, and the development of personalized medicine approaches based on individual genetic and environmental factors.

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