Buy 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine (BT-256628)

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3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine

Catalog Number: BT-256628

CAS Number: 1041-01-6

Molecular Formula: C15H13I2NO4

Molecular Weight: 525.08 g/mol

The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.

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Product Introduction

Description

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) is a thyroid hormone derivative that has gained attention in recent years due to its potential therapeutic and environmental applications. T2 is structurally similar to the well-known thyroid hormone, thyroxine (T4), but has distinct biological effects. This paper will discuss the methods of synthesis or extraction of T2, its chemical structure and biological activity, biological effects, applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research, and future perspectives and challenges.

Properties

CAS Number

1041-01-6

Product Name

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid

Molecular Formula

C15H13I2NO4

Molecular Weight

525.08 g/mol

InChI

InChI=1S/C15H13I2NO4/c16-11-5-8(7-13(18)15(20)21)6-12(17)14(11)22-10-3-1-9(19)2-4-10/h1-6,13,19H,7,18H2,(H,20,21)/t13-/m0/s1

InChI Key

ZHSOTLOTTDYIIK-ZDUSSCGKSA-N

SMILES

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2I)CC(C(=O)O)N)I

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Synonyms

3,5-diiodo-DL-thyronine
3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine
3,5-diiodothyronine
3,5-diiodothyronine, (DL)-isomer
3,5-diiodothyronine, (L)-isomer
3,5-T2

Canonical SMILES

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2I)CC(C(=O)[O-])[NH3+])I

Isomeric SMILES

C1=CC(=CC=C1O)OC2=C(C=C(C=C2I)C[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])[NH3+])I

Method of Synthesis or Extraction

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine can be synthesized from thyroxine or extracted from animal thyroid glands. The most commonly used method for synthesis is the deiodination of T4 using sodium hydroxide and hydrazine. This method has a yield of approximately 50% and is relatively efficient. However, it requires the use of hazardous chemicals and poses environmental risks. Another method involves the enzymatic deiodination of T4 using iodothyronine deiodinases, which has a higher yield but is more expensive. Extraction from animal thyroid glands is also possible but is less efficient and poses ethical concerns.

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has a molecular weight of 651.97 g/mol and a chemical formula of C15H13I2NO4. It is a biologically active thyroid hormone derivative that binds to thyroid hormone receptors and regulates gene expression. 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been shown to increase metabolic rate, stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, and improve insulin sensitivity. It also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Biological Effects

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been shown to have various biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been found to increase the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine also regulates the expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. However, 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine can also have toxic effects at high doses, including cardiac arrhythmias and liver damage.

Applications

3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has potential applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. In medical research, 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been studied for its role in drug development and clinical trials. It has been found to have beneficial effects on metabolic disorders and may have potential as a therapeutic agent. However, further research is needed to determine its safety and efficacy. In environmental research, 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been found to have potential as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional pollutants. In industrial research, 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine has been studied for its use in manufacturing processes and improving product quality and efficiency. However, health and safety considerations must be taken into account.

Future Perspectives and Challenges

The use and study of 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine face several limitations, including the lack of standardized methods for synthesis and extraction, the need for further research on its safety and efficacy, and the ethical concerns surrounding animal extraction. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly methods of synthesis and extraction, the use of alternative sources for 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine, and the development of standardized protocols for its use in research. Future trends and prospects in the application of 3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine in scientific research include its potential as a therapeutic agent for metabolic disorders and its use in sustainable and environmentally friendly manufacturing processes.

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