Abacavir carboxylate
Catalog Number: BT-257969
CAS Number: 384380-52-3
Molecular Formula: C14H16N6O2
Molecular Weight: 300.32
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
Product Introduction
Description
Abacavir carboxylate is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is a prodrug of abacavir, which is converted to its active form in the body. Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients.
Properties
CAS Number
384380-52-3
Product Name
Abacavir carboxylate
IUPAC Name
(1S,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid
Molecular Formula
C14H16N6O2
Molecular Weight
300.32
InChI
InChI=1S/C14H16N6O2/c15-14-18-11(17-8-2-3-8)10-12(19-14)20(6-16-10)9-4-1-7(5-9)13(21)22/h1,4,6-9H,2-3,5H2,(H,21,22)(H3,15,17,18,19)/t7-,9+/m1/s1
InChI Key
OCSMNHMMTKMVCP-APPZFPTMSA-N
SMILES
C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)C4CC(C=C4)C(=O)O
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Synonyms
Abacavir carboxylate
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Abacavir carboxylate is synthesized from abacavir by esterification with methanesulfonic acid. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and a dehydrating agent such as N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). The yield of this method is reported to be around 70-80%. The environmental and safety considerations of this method are minimal as it does not involve the use of hazardous chemicals.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Abacavir carboxylate is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 309.3 g/mol. It is soluble in water and ethanol. The chemical structure of abacavir carboxylate is shown below:
Abacavir carboxylate acts by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme of HIV, which is responsible for the replication of the virus. It is a prodrug of abacavir, which is converted to its active form in the body. Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has also been shown to have a low potential for drug resistance.
Abacavir carboxylate acts by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme of HIV, which is responsible for the replication of the virus. It is a prodrug of abacavir, which is converted to its active form in the body. Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has also been shown to have a low potential for drug resistance.
Biological Effects
Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to have a number of biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been shown to inhibit the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a transcription factor that plays a key role in the immune response. It has also been shown to inhibit the production of cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which are involved in the inflammatory response.
Potential therapeutic and toxic effects of abacavir carboxylate have been reported. It has been shown to have a low potential for toxicity, with most adverse effects being mild to moderate in severity. The most common adverse effects reported include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. Serious adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions have also been reported, although they are rare.
Potential therapeutic and toxic effects of abacavir carboxylate have been reported. It has been shown to have a low potential for toxicity, with most adverse effects being mild to moderate in severity. The most common adverse effects reported include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. Serious adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions have also been reported, although they are rare.
Applications
Abacavir carboxylate has a number of applications in medical research, environmental research, and industrial research.
In medical research, abacavir carboxylate has been used in drug development and clinical trials. It has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has also been shown to have a low potential for drug resistance. The benefits of abacavir carboxylate in the treatment of HIV infection include its high potency, low toxicity, and low potential for drug resistance. The potential side effects of abacavir carboxylate include hypersensitivity reactions, although they are rare.
In environmental research, abacavir carboxylate has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have a low potential for environmental toxicity, with most adverse effects being mild to moderate in severity. The sustainability and environmental impact of abacavir carboxylate are minimal, as it does not persist in the environment and is readily biodegradable.
In industrial research, abacavir carboxylate has been used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. Health and safety considerations are minimal, as it does not involve the use of hazardous chemicals.
In medical research, abacavir carboxylate has been used in drug development and clinical trials. It has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has also been shown to have a low potential for drug resistance. The benefits of abacavir carboxylate in the treatment of HIV infection include its high potency, low toxicity, and low potential for drug resistance. The potential side effects of abacavir carboxylate include hypersensitivity reactions, although they are rare.
In environmental research, abacavir carboxylate has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have a low potential for environmental toxicity, with most adverse effects being mild to moderate in severity. The sustainability and environmental impact of abacavir carboxylate are minimal, as it does not persist in the environment and is readily biodegradable.
In industrial research, abacavir carboxylate has been used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. Health and safety considerations are minimal, as it does not involve the use of hazardous chemicals.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
Current limitations in the use and study of abacavir carboxylate include its potential for hypersensitivity reactions and the development of drug resistance. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of new formulations and the use of combination therapy to reduce the risk of drug resistance. Future trends and prospects in the application of abacavir carboxylate in scientific research include the development of new drugs and the use of personalized medicine to tailor treatment to individual patients.
Conclusion:
Abacavir carboxylate is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection. It is synthesized from abacavir by esterification with methanesulfonic acid. Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has a low potential for toxicity and drug resistance. Abacavir carboxylate has applications in medical research, environmental research, and industrial research. Future perspectives and challenges include the development of new formulations and the use of combination therapy to reduce the risk of drug resistance.
Conclusion:
Abacavir carboxylate is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection. It is synthesized from abacavir by esterification with methanesulfonic acid. Abacavir carboxylate has been shown to be effective in reducing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. It has a low potential for toxicity and drug resistance. Abacavir carboxylate has applications in medical research, environmental research, and industrial research. Future perspectives and challenges include the development of new formulations and the use of combination therapy to reduce the risk of drug resistance.
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