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Abafungin

Catalog Number: BT-257970

CAS Number: 129639-79-8

Molecular Formula: C21H22N4OS

Molecular Weight: 378.5 g/mol

The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.

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Product Introduction

Description

Abafungin is a natural product that belongs to the class of cyclic lipopeptides. It is produced by the fungus Verticillium sp. and has been found to possess potent antifungal activity. Abafungin has been the subject of extensive research due to its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of fungal infections. This paper aims to provide an overview of abafungin, including its method of synthesis or extraction, chemical structure and biological activity, biological effects, applications, and future perspectives and challenges.

Properties

CAS Number

129639-79-8

Product Name

Abafungin

IUPAC Name

4-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenoxy)phenyl]-N-(1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine

Molecular Formula

C21H22N4OS

Molecular Weight

378.5 g/mol

InChI

InChI=1S/C21H22N4OS/c1-14-8-9-18(15(2)12-14)26-19-7-4-3-6-16(19)17-13-27-21(24-17)25-20-22-10-5-11-23-20/h3-4,6-9,12-13H,5,10-11H2,1-2H3,(H2,22,23,24,25)

InChI Key

TYBHXIFFPVFXQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC2=CC=CC=C2C3=CSC(=N3)NC4=NCCCN4)C

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Synonyms

Abafungin; Bay w 6341; UNII-11DI31LWXF;

Canonical SMILES

CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC2=CC=CC=C2C3=CSC(=N3)NC4=NCCCN4)C

Method of Synthesis or Extraction

Abafungin can be synthesized or extracted from the fungus Verticillium sp. There are several methods used for the extraction of abafungin, including solvent extraction, solid-phase extraction, and liquid-liquid extraction. The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the extraction conditions. Solvent extraction is the most commonly used method for the extraction of abafungin. However, it has some environmental and safety considerations, such as the use of organic solvents, which can be harmful to the environment and human health. Solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction are more environmentally friendly and safer methods for the extraction of abafungin.

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity

Abafungin has a cyclic structure consisting of 11 amino acids and a fatty acid chain. The fatty acid chain is responsible for the lipophilic nature of abafungin, which allows it to penetrate the fungal cell membrane. Abafungin has been found to possess potent antifungal activity against a wide range of fungal species, including Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The mechanism of action of abafungin involves the inhibition of fungal cell wall synthesis, which leads to the disruption of fungal cell membrane integrity and ultimately, cell death.

Biological Effects

Abafungin has been found to have several biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been shown to inhibit the growth and proliferation of fungal cells, as well as induce apoptosis in these cells. Abafungin has also been found to modulate the immune response, leading to the activation of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils. However, abafungin may also have potential toxic effects on human cells, such as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Applications

Abafungin has several potential applications in medical research, including its role in drug development, clinical trials, and findings, benefits, and potential side effects. Abafungin has been found to be effective in the treatment of fungal infections, and several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy. Abafungin may also have potential applications in environmental research, such as its effects on ecosystems, role in pollution management, and sustainability and environmental impact. In industrial research, abafungin may be used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency, with health and safety considerations.

Future Perspectives and Challenges

Despite the potential applications of abafungin, there are several limitations in its use and study. One of the major challenges is the limited availability of abafungin due to its low yield during extraction. Another challenge is the potential toxic effects of abafungin on human cells, which may limit its use in clinical settings. Future research should focus on developing more efficient methods for the synthesis or extraction of abafungin and evaluating its safety and efficacy in clinical trials. Additionally, the potential environmental impact of abafungin should be further investigated to ensure its sustainability and safety in industrial applications.
Conclusion:
Abafungin is a natural product with potent antifungal activity that has potential applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. Its chemical structure and biological activity have been extensively studied, and several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy. However, there are several challenges in the use and study of abafungin, including its limited availability and potential toxic effects on human cells. Future research should focus on developing more efficient methods for the synthesis or extraction of abafungin and evaluating its safety and efficacy in clinical trials.

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