Ziagen
Catalog Number: BT-257971
CAS Number: 188062-50-2
Molecular Formula: C28H36N12O2.H2O4S
Molecular Weight: 670.7 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction
Description
Ziagen is a medication used to treat HIV infection. It belongs to the class of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Ziagen is also known by its generic name, abacavir. It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998 and is currently used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV.
Properties
CAS Number
188062-50-2
Product Name
Ziagen
IUPAC Name
[(1S,4R)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)purin-9-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl]methanol;sulfuric acid
Molecular Formula
C28H36N12O2.H2O4S
Molecular Weight
670.7 g/mol
InChI
InChI=1S/2C14H18N6O.H2O4S/c2*15-14-18-12(17-9-2-3-9)11-13(19-14)20(7-16-11)10-4-1-8(5-10)6-21;1-5(2,3)4/h2*1,4,7-10,21H,2-3,5-6H2,(H3,15,17,18,19);(H2,1,2,3,4)/t2*8-,10+;/m11./s1
InChI Key
WMHSRBZIJNQHKT-FFKFEZPRSA-N
SMILES
C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)C4CC(C=C4)CO.C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)C4CC(C=C4)CO.OS(=O)(=O)O
Solubility
In water, 77,000 mg/l @ 25 °C
Synonyms
(1S,4R)-4-(2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-cyclopentene-1-methanol
1592U89
abacavir
abacavir succinate
abacavir sulfate
Ziagen
1592U89
abacavir
abacavir succinate
abacavir sulfate
Ziagen
Canonical SMILES
C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)C4CC(C=C4)CO.C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)C4CC(C=C4)CO.OS(=O)(=O)O
Isomeric SMILES
C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C=C4)CO.C1CC1NC2=C3C(=NC(=N2)N)N(C=N3)[C@@H]4C[C@@H](C=C4)CO.OS(=O)(=O)O
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Ziagen is synthesized using a multi-step process that involves the reaction of various chemicals. The most commonly used method for the synthesis of Ziagen is the nucleophilic substitution reaction. This method involves the reaction of a nucleophile with a substrate to form a new compound. The yield of Ziagen synthesis is around 50-60%, and the process is considered to be efficient.
Environmental and safety considerations are important in the synthesis of Ziagen. The chemicals used in the synthesis process can be hazardous to the environment and human health. Therefore, proper safety measures must be taken during the synthesis process to prevent any accidents or environmental damage.
Environmental and safety considerations are important in the synthesis of Ziagen. The chemicals used in the synthesis process can be hazardous to the environment and human health. Therefore, proper safety measures must be taken during the synthesis process to prevent any accidents or environmental damage.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
The chemical structure of Ziagen consists of a purine base, a sugar molecule, and a carboxamide group. The purine base is attached to the sugar molecule through a glycosidic bond, and the carboxamide group is attached to the purine base.
Ziagen works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of HIV. By inhibiting this enzyme, Ziagen prevents the virus from replicating and spreading in the body. Ziagen has a high potency and is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals.
Ziagen works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of HIV. By inhibiting this enzyme, Ziagen prevents the virus from replicating and spreading in the body. Ziagen has a high potency and is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals.
Biological Effects
Ziagen has been shown to have various biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been found to inhibit the activation of T cells, which are important in the immune response against HIV. Ziagen has also been shown to inhibit the production of cytokines, which are involved in the inflammatory response.
Ziagen has potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals and improving their immune function. However, it can also cause adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions, liver toxicity, and lactic acidosis.
Ziagen has potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals and improving their immune function. However, it can also cause adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions, liver toxicity, and lactic acidosis.
Applications
In medical research, Ziagen plays a crucial role in drug development and clinical trials. It is used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to treat HIV and has been shown to be effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals. However, it is important to consider the potential side effects of Ziagen when using it in clinical trials.
In environmental research, Ziagen has been found to have effects on ecosystems. It can enter the environment through wastewater and can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is important to consider the environmental impact of Ziagen when using it in wastewater treatment.
In industrial research, Ziagen is used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. However, health and safety considerations must be taken into account when using Ziagen in industrial processes.
In environmental research, Ziagen has been found to have effects on ecosystems. It can enter the environment through wastewater and can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is important to consider the environmental impact of Ziagen when using it in wastewater treatment.
In industrial research, Ziagen is used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. However, health and safety considerations must be taken into account when using Ziagen in industrial processes.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
One of the current limitations in the use and study of Ziagen is the development of drug resistance. HIV can develop resistance to Ziagen, which can reduce its effectiveness in treating HIV. Therefore, it is important to develop new drugs or drug combinations to overcome drug resistance.
Possible solutions and improvements include the development of new drugs that target different mechanisms of HIV replication. Future trends and prospects in the application of Ziagen in scientific research include the development of new drug combinations and the use of Ziagen in combination with other drugs to improve its effectiveness in treating HIV.
In conclusion, Ziagen is an important drug in the treatment of HIV. Its synthesis involves a multi-step process, and safety measures must be taken to prevent any accidents or environmental damage. Ziagen has a high potency and is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals. However, it can also cause adverse effects, and drug resistance is a current limitation in its use and study. Future research should focus on developing new drugs and drug combinations to overcome drug resistance and improve the effectiveness of Ziagen in treating HIV.
Possible solutions and improvements include the development of new drugs that target different mechanisms of HIV replication. Future trends and prospects in the application of Ziagen in scientific research include the development of new drug combinations and the use of Ziagen in combination with other drugs to improve its effectiveness in treating HIV.
In conclusion, Ziagen is an important drug in the treatment of HIV. Its synthesis involves a multi-step process, and safety measures must be taken to prevent any accidents or environmental damage. Ziagen has a high potency and is effective in reducing the viral load in HIV-infected individuals. However, it can also cause adverse effects, and drug resistance is a current limitation in its use and study. Future research should focus on developing new drugs and drug combinations to overcome drug resistance and improve the effectiveness of Ziagen in treating HIV.
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