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Hematin

Catalog Number: BT-269440

CAS Number: 15489-90-4

Molecular Formula: C34H33FeN4O5

Molecular Weight: 634.5 g/mol

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Product Introduction

Description

Hematin is a chemical compound that is commonly used in medical, environmental, and industrial research. It is a porphyrin derivative that is synthesized from heme, which is found in red blood cells. Hematin has been studied extensively for its biological activity and potential therapeutic applications.

Properties

CAS Number

15489-90-4

Product Name

Hematin

IUPAC Name

3-[18-(2-carboxyethyl)-8,13-bis(ethenyl)-3,7,12,17-tetramethylporphyrin-21,23-diid-2-yl]propanoic acid;iron(2+);hydrate

Molecular Formula

C34H33FeN4O5

Molecular Weight

634.5 g/mol

InChI

InChI=1S/C34H34N4O4.Fe.H2O/c1-7-21-17(3)25-13-26-19(5)23(9-11-33(39)40)31(37-26)16-32-24(10-12-34(41)42)20(6)28(38-32)15-30-22(8-2)18(4)27(36-30)14-29(21)35-25;;/h7-8,13-16H,1-2,9-12H2,3-6H3,(H4,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42);;1H2/q;+2;/p-2

InChI Key

BMUDPLZKKRQECS-HXFTUNQESA-K

SMILES

CC1=C(C2=CC3=NC(=CC4=C(C(=C([N-]4)C=C5C(=C(C(=N5)C=C1[N-]2)C)C=C)C)C=C)C(=C3CCC(=O)O)C)CCC(=O)O.O.[Fe+2]

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Synonyms

Alkaline Hematin D 575
Alkaline Hematin D-575
Chloride, Ferriheme
Chloride, Ferriprotoporphyrin IX
Chlorohemin
Ferrihaem
Ferriheme Chloride
Ferriprotoporphyrin
Ferriprotoporphyrin IX
Ferriprotoporphyrin IX Chloride
Hematin
Hematin D-575, Alkaline
Hemin
Panhematin
Protohemin
Protohemin IX

Canonical SMILES

CC1=C(C2=CC3=C(C(=C([N-]3)C=C4C(=C(C(=N4)C=C5C(=C(C(=N5)C=C1[N-]2)C)C=C)C)C=C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O.O.[Fe+2]

Method of Synthesis or Extraction

Hematin can be synthesized from heme by several methods, including acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, and oxidation. Acid hydrolysis involves the use of hydrochloric acid to break down heme into hematin. Alkaline hydrolysis involves the use of sodium hydroxide to break down heme into hematin. Oxidation involves the use of hydrogen peroxide to oxidize heme into hematin. Each method has its own efficiency and yield. Acid hydrolysis has a yield of 80-90%, while alkaline hydrolysis has a yield of 70-80%. Oxidation has a yield of 60-70%. Environmental and safety considerations must be taken into account when using these methods. Acid hydrolysis and oxidation produce toxic waste, while alkaline hydrolysis produces a large amount of salt waste.

Chemical Structure and Biological Activity

Hematin has a chemical structure that consists of four pyrrole rings linked by methine bridges. It has a central iron atom that is coordinated to four nitrogen atoms in the pyrrole rings. Hematin has been shown to have biological activity and potency. It has been found to inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Hematin has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The mechanism of action of hematin involves the inhibition of heme biosynthesis, which is essential for the survival of microorganisms.

Biological Effects

Hematin has been shown to have effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been found to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and to modulate the immune response. Hematin has also been shown to have potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It has been used in the treatment of malaria and porphyria. However, hematin can also cause toxicity in high doses, leading to liver and kidney damage.

Applications

Hematin has a wide range of applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. In medical research, hematin has been used in drug development and clinical trials. It has been found to be effective in the treatment of malaria and porphyria. Hematin has also been studied for its potential use in cancer therapy and as an anti-inflammatory agent. In environmental research, hematin has been used to study the effects of pollution on ecosystems. It has also been used in pollution management to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil and water. In industrial research, hematin has been used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. Health and safety considerations must be taken into account when using hematin in industrial settings.

Future Perspectives and Challenges

There are currently limitations in the use and study of hematin. One of the main challenges is the toxicity of hematin in high doses. Future research should focus on developing safer and more effective methods of using hematin. Possible solutions include the use of nanoparticles to deliver hematin to specific targets and the development of new synthetic methods that produce less toxic waste. Future trends and prospects in the application of hematin in scientific research include the development of new drugs and therapies for a wide range of diseases and the use of hematin in environmental and industrial applications to promote sustainability and reduce pollution.
Conclusion:
Hematin is a versatile chemical compound that has a wide range of applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. It has been studied extensively for its biological activity and potential therapeutic applications. The methods of synthesis or extraction, chemical structure and biological activity, biological effects, applications, future perspectives, and challenges of hematin have been discussed in this paper. Further research is needed to develop safer and more effective methods of using hematin and to explore its potential in new areas of scientific research.

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