Yatein
Catalog Number: BT-286435
CAS Number: 40456-50-6
Molecular Formula: C22H24O7
Molecular Weight: 400.4 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
Product Introduction
Description
Yatein is a natural product that is extracted from the bark of the tree Podocarpus yateensis. It has been found to possess a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. We will also explore the future perspectives and challenges associated with the use and study of yatein.
Properties
CAS Number
40456-50-6
Product Name
Yatein
IUPAC Name
(3R,4R)-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
Molecular Formula
C22H24O7
Molecular Weight
400.4 g/mol
InChI
InChI=1S/C22H24O7/c1-24-19-9-14(10-20(25-2)21(19)26-3)7-16-15(11-27-22(16)23)6-13-4-5-17-18(8-13)29-12-28-17/h4-5,8-10,15-16H,6-7,11-12H2,1-3H3/t15-,16+/m0/s1
InChI Key
GMLDZDDTZKXJLU-JKSUJKDBSA-N
SMILES
COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)CC2C(COC2=O)CC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Synonyms
Yatein; Dihydroanhydropodorhizol.
Canonical SMILES
COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)CC2C(COC2=O)CC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4
Isomeric SMILES
COC1=CC(=CC(=C1OC)OC)C[C@@H]2[C@H](COC2=O)CC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Yatein is commonly extracted from the bark of the tree Podocarpus yateensis using various methods, including Soxhlet extraction, maceration, and ultrasound-assisted extraction. Soxhlet extraction involves the use of a solvent to extract the yatein from the bark, while maceration involves soaking the bark in a solvent for a period of time. Ultrasound-assisted extraction uses high-frequency sound waves to break down the cell walls of the bark and release the yatein.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the solvent used, the duration of the extraction process, and the temperature and pressure conditions. Soxhlet extraction is known to be the most efficient method, with a yield of up to 2.5% of yatein. However, this method is time-consuming and requires large amounts of solvent, which can be environmentally harmful. Maceration is less efficient, with a yield of up to 1.5% of yatein, but it is a simpler and more cost-effective method. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is a relatively new method that has shown promising results in terms of efficiency and yield, but more research is needed to optimize the conditions for this method.
Environmental and safety considerations are important when choosing a method of extraction. Soxhlet extraction and maceration both require the use of solvents, which can be harmful to the environment if not disposed of properly. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is a more environmentally friendly method, as it uses less solvent and does not generate hazardous waste. However, the high-frequency sound waves used in this method can be harmful to human health if not properly controlled.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the solvent used, the duration of the extraction process, and the temperature and pressure conditions. Soxhlet extraction is known to be the most efficient method, with a yield of up to 2.5% of yatein. However, this method is time-consuming and requires large amounts of solvent, which can be environmentally harmful. Maceration is less efficient, with a yield of up to 1.5% of yatein, but it is a simpler and more cost-effective method. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is a relatively new method that has shown promising results in terms of efficiency and yield, but more research is needed to optimize the conditions for this method.
Environmental and safety considerations are important when choosing a method of extraction. Soxhlet extraction and maceration both require the use of solvents, which can be harmful to the environment if not disposed of properly. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is a more environmentally friendly method, as it uses less solvent and does not generate hazardous waste. However, the high-frequency sound waves used in this method can be harmful to human health if not properly controlled.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Yatein is a diterpenoid compound with a molecular formula of C20H28O2. It has a complex chemical structure that includes a cyclohexene ring, a tetrahydrofuran ring, and several hydroxyl and methyl groups. The mechanism of action of yatein is not fully understood, but it is believed to act on various biological targets, including enzymes, receptors, and signaling pathways.
Yatein has been found to possess a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. It has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are involved in the development of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and asthma. Yatein has also been found to induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a potential anti-cancer agent. In addition, yatein has been shown to inhibit the replication of several viruses, including HIV and hepatitis C virus.
Yatein has been found to possess a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. It has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are involved in the development of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and asthma. Yatein has also been found to induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a potential anti-cancer agent. In addition, yatein has been shown to inhibit the replication of several viruses, including HIV and hepatitis C virus.
Biological Effects
Yatein has been found to have a variety of effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of several enzymes, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is involved in the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. Yatein has also been found to modulate the activity of several signaling pathways, including the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which is involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses.
The potential therapeutic and toxic effects of yatein are still being studied. While yatein has shown promising results in preclinical studies, more research is needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans. Some studies have suggested that yatein may have toxic effects on the liver and kidneys, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.
The potential therapeutic and toxic effects of yatein are still being studied. While yatein has shown promising results in preclinical studies, more research is needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans. Some studies have suggested that yatein may have toxic effects on the liver and kidneys, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.
Applications
Yatein has potential applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. In medical research, yatein may have a role in drug development, particularly as an anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer agent. Clinical trials are needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans. In environmental research, yatein may have a role in pollution management, as it has been shown to have anti-viral properties that could be useful in the treatment of viral infections in aquatic ecosystems. Yatein may also have potential applications in industrial research, particularly in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other products. However, health and safety considerations must be taken into account when using yatein in industrial processes.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
The use and study of yatein face several challenges, including the need for more research to determine its safety and efficacy in humans, the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly methods of extraction, and the optimization of its chemical structure for specific applications. However, the potential benefits of yatein in medical, environmental, and industrial research make it an area of great interest for future research.
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