2-Methylbutanoic acid - 9007-16-3

2-Methylbutanoic acid

Catalog Number: EVT-3564067
CAS Number: 9007-16-3
Molecular Formula: C5H10O2
Molecular Weight: 102.13 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction

Description
2-Methylbutanoic acid, also known as isovaleric acid, is a carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C5H10O2. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is commonly used in various industries due to its unique properties. In this paper, we will explore the synthesis methods, chemical structure, biological activity, effects on cell function, potential applications, and future perspectives and challenges of 2-Methylbutanoic acid. The synthesis of 2-Methylbutanoic acid can be achieved through several methods. One commonly used method is the oxidation of isobutanol using potassium permanganate. This method has a high efficiency and yield, with a conversion rate of over 90%. However, it requires careful handling of the oxidizing agent and generates a large amount of waste, which poses environmental and safety considerations. Another method of synthesis is the hydrolysis of isovaleronitrile using hydrochloric acid. This method has a lower efficiency and yield compared to the oxidation method, but it is a safer and more environmentally friendly option. The hydrolysis process involves the use of a strong acid, which requires proper safety precautions. The chemical structure of 2-Methylbutanoic acid consists of a five-carbon chain with a methyl group attached to the second carbon and a carboxyl group at the end. This structure gives it its unique properties and biological activity. In terms of biological activity, 2-Methylbutanoic acid acts as a GABA receptor agonist, meaning it enhances the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits the activity of neurons in the central nervous system. This mechanism of action makes it useful in the treatment of certain neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and anxiety. The bioactivity and potency of 2-Methylbutanoic acid vary depending on the concentration and the specific biological target. It has been found to have antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of certain bacteria and fungi. Additionally, it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The effects of 2-Methylbutanoic acid on cell function and signal transduction are diverse. It can modulate the activity of ion channels, affecting the membrane potential and electrical signaling in cells. It can also influence the release of neurotransmitters, altering synaptic transmission. These effects contribute to its therapeutic and toxic effects. In medical research, 2-Methylbutanoic acid plays a role in drug development. It has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds with GABAergic activity. Clinical trials have shown promising results in the treatment of epilepsy and anxiety disorders. However, it is important to note that it may have potential side effects, such as sedation and drowsiness. In environmental research, 2-Methylbutanoic acid has been studied for its effects on ecosystems. It can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, disrupting their physiological processes. It also plays a role in pollution management, as it is a volatile organic compound that contributes to air pollution. Sustainability and environmental impact studies are ongoing to assess its long-term effects on the environment. In industrial research, 2-Methylbutanoic acid is used in manufacturing processes. It is a precursor for the production of esters, which are widely used in the fragrance and flavor industry. It is also used as a solvent in various applications. Health and safety considerations are important in the industrial use of 2-Methylbutanoic acid, as it can be hazardous if not handled properly. Despite its various applications, there are limitations in the use and study of 2-Methylbutanoic acid. Its pungent odor and potential toxicity pose challenges in its handling and storage. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of safer synthesis methods and the use of alternative compounds with similar biological activity. Future trends and prospects in the application of 2-Methylbutanoic acid in scientific research include further exploration of its therapeutic potential in neurological disorders and the development of more targeted and efficient drug delivery systems. Additionally, there is a growing interest in its potential as a biofuel and renewable resource. In conclusion, 2-Methylbutanoic acid is a versatile compound with various applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. Its synthesis methods, chemical structure, biological activity, and effects on cell function provide a foundation for its potential therapeutic and toxic effects. Further research and development are needed to overcome current limitations and explore its future prospects in scientific research.

Properties

CAS Number

9007-16-3

Product Name

2-Methylbutanoic acid

IUPAC Name

2-methylbutanoic acid

Molecular Formula

C5H10O2

Molecular Weight

102.13 g/mol

InChI

InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-3-4(2)5(6)7/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7)

InChI Key

WLAMNBDJUVNPJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

CCC(C)C(=O)O

Solubility

0.44 M
45 mg/mL at 20 °C
1 ml in 1 ml 95% alcohol (in ethanol)

Canonical SMILES

CCC(C)C(=O)O

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