Inosinic acid
Catalog Number: BT-505410
CAS Number: 131-99-7
Molecular Formula: C10H13N4O8P
Molecular Weight: 348.21 g/mol
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction
Description
Inosinic acid, also known as inosine monophosphate (IMP), is a nucleotide that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It is a precursor to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP), which are essential for energy metabolism. Inosinic acid is also involved in the synthesis of RNA and DNA, and it acts as a signaling molecule in the nervous system.
Properties
CAS Number
131-99-7
Product Name
Inosinic acid
IUPAC Name
[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate
Molecular Formula
C10H13N4O8P
Molecular Weight
348.21 g/mol
InChI
InChI=1S/C10H13N4O8P/c15-6-4(1-21-23(18,19)20)22-10(7(6)16)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)17/h2-4,6-7,10,15-16H,1H2,(H,11,12,17)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
InChI Key
GRSZFWQUAKGDAV-KQYNXXCUSA-N
SMILES
C1=NC2=C(C(=O)N1)N=CN2C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O
Canonical SMILES
C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O
Isomeric SMILES
C1=NC(=O)C2=C(N1)N(C=N2)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)O)O)O
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Inosinic acid can be synthesized by various methods, including enzymatic, chemical, and microbial processes. The enzymatic method involves the use of enzymes such as purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) to convert Inosinic acid to inosinic acid. The chemical method involves the reaction of hypoxanthine with phosphoric acid to form inosinic acid. The microbial method involves the fermentation of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium ammoniagenes to produce inosinic acid.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the conditions used. The enzymatic method is highly efficient and yields a high purity product, but it is expensive and requires specialized equipment. The chemical method is less expensive but yields a lower purity product and requires harsh conditions. The microbial method is cost-effective and yields a high purity product, but it requires a longer fermentation time.
Environmental and safety considerations are important in the synthesis or extraction of inosinic acid. The enzymatic method is environmentally friendly as it uses natural enzymes and produces minimal waste. The chemical method produces toxic byproducts and requires careful handling. The microbial method requires the use of genetically modified microorganisms, which may pose a risk to the environment.
The efficiency and yield of each method vary depending on the conditions used. The enzymatic method is highly efficient and yields a high purity product, but it is expensive and requires specialized equipment. The chemical method is less expensive but yields a lower purity product and requires harsh conditions. The microbial method is cost-effective and yields a high purity product, but it requires a longer fermentation time.
Environmental and safety considerations are important in the synthesis or extraction of inosinic acid. The enzymatic method is environmentally friendly as it uses natural enzymes and produces minimal waste. The chemical method produces toxic byproducts and requires careful handling. The microbial method requires the use of genetically modified microorganisms, which may pose a risk to the environment.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Inosinic acid has a chemical formula of C10H12N4O8P and a molecular weight of 348.19 g/mol. It consists of a purine base (hypoxanthine), a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group. Inosinic acid is a nucleotide that is involved in the synthesis of RNA and DNA.
The biological activity of inosinic acid is mediated by its conversion to other nucleotides such as ATP and GTP. Inosinic acid acts as a signaling molecule in the nervous system and is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. It also plays a role in the immune system by stimulating the production of cytokines and enhancing the activity of natural killer cells.
The biological activity of inosinic acid is mediated by its conversion to other nucleotides such as ATP and GTP. Inosinic acid acts as a signaling molecule in the nervous system and is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. It also plays a role in the immune system by stimulating the production of cytokines and enhancing the activity of natural killer cells.
Biological Effects
Inosinic acid has various biological effects on cell function and signal transduction. It enhances the production of ATP and GTP, which are essential for energy metabolism. It also regulates the activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis of RNA and DNA.
Inosinic acid has potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and it may be useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, high levels of inosinic acid may be toxic and lead to hyperuricemia and gout.
Inosinic acid has potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and it may be useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, high levels of inosinic acid may be toxic and lead to hyperuricemia and gout.
Applications
Inosinic acid has various applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. In medical research, inosinic acid plays a role in drug development and clinical trials. It has been used as a supplement to enhance athletic performance and as a treatment for various diseases such as multiple sclerosis and cancer.
In environmental research, inosinic acid has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have potential as a bioremediation agent for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil and water.
In industrial research, inosinic acid is used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. It is used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry and as a feed additive in the animal industry. Health and safety considerations are important in the use of inosinic acid in industrial applications.
In environmental research, inosinic acid has been studied for its effects on ecosystems and its role in pollution management. It has been shown to have potential as a bioremediation agent for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil and water.
In industrial research, inosinic acid is used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency. It is used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry and as a feed additive in the animal industry. Health and safety considerations are important in the use of inosinic acid in industrial applications.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
Current limitations in the use and study of inosinic acid include its high cost of production and limited availability. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of more efficient and cost-effective methods of synthesis or extraction and the use of alternative sources such as waste materials.
Future trends and prospects in the application of inosinic acid in scientific research include its potential use as a therapeutic agent for various diseases and its role in the development of new drugs. Challenges in the use of inosinic acid include its potential toxicity and the need for further research to fully understand its biological effects.
Conclusion:
Inosinic acid is a nucleotide that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It can be synthesized by enzymatic, chemical, and microbial methods, each with varying efficiency and yield. Inosinic acid has potential therapeutic and toxic effects and has various applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. Future perspectives and challenges in the use and study of inosinic acid include the development of more efficient and cost-effective methods of synthesis or extraction and the need for further research to fully understand its biological effects.
Future trends and prospects in the application of inosinic acid in scientific research include its potential use as a therapeutic agent for various diseases and its role in the development of new drugs. Challenges in the use of inosinic acid include its potential toxicity and the need for further research to fully understand its biological effects.
Conclusion:
Inosinic acid is a nucleotide that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It can be synthesized by enzymatic, chemical, and microbial methods, each with varying efficiency and yield. Inosinic acid has potential therapeutic and toxic effects and has various applications in medical, environmental, and industrial research. Future perspectives and challenges in the use and study of inosinic acid include the development of more efficient and cost-effective methods of synthesis or extraction and the need for further research to fully understand its biological effects.
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