Nicotinuric acid - 583-08-4

Nicotinuric acid

Catalog Number: EVT-248128
CAS Number: 583-08-4
Molecular Formula: C16H23NO5S
Molecular Weight: 180,16 g/mole
The product is for non-human research only. Not for therapeutic or veterinary use.
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Product Introduction

Description
Nicotinuric acid (NUA) is a metabolite of niacin (vitamin B3) that is excreted in urine. It has been studied for its potential therapeutic and toxic effects, as well as its role in drug development, environmental research, and industrial applications. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of NUA, including its method of synthesis or extraction, chemical structure and biological activity, biological effects, applications, and future perspectives and challenges.
Applications in Various Fields
Nicotinuric acid has several applications in medical research, such as its role in drug development, clinical trials, and findings. It has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for various diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Nicotinuric acid has also been studied in environmental research for its effects on ecosystems, its role in pollution management, and its sustainability and environmental impact. In industrial research, Nicotinuric acid has been used in manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficiency, as well as to ensure health and safety considerations.

Properties

CAS Number

583-08-4

Product Name

Nicotinuric acid

IUPAC Name

2-(pyridine-3-carbonylamino)acetic acid

Molecular Formula

C16H23NO5S

Molecular Weight

180,16 g/mole

InChI

InChI=1S/C8H8N2O3/c11-7(12)5-10-8(13)6-2-1-3-9-4-6/h1-4H,5H2,(H,10,13)(H,11,12)

InChI Key

VRTXRNJMNFVTOM-CYBMUJFWSA-N

SMILES

C1=CC(=CN=C1)C(=O)NCC(=O)O

Synonyms

58290-35-0;Boc-S-4-methoxybenzyl-D-cysteine;Boc-D-Cys(4-Mob)-OH;(S)-2-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-((4-methoxybenzyl)thio)propanoicacid;Boc-S-p-methoxybenzyl-D-cysteine;Boc-Cys(pMeOBzl)-OH;C16H23NO5S;AmbotzBAA5430;Boc-D-Cys(Mob)-OH;AC1Q4CU9;Boc-D-Cys(4-MeO-Bzl)-OH;SCHEMBL11331399;CTK8F8270;MolPort-005-938-124;VRTXRNJMNFVTOM-CYBMUJFWSA-N;ZINC1576252;KM0186;AM81662;AC-19262;AJ-27316;AK-81105;KB-48407;KB-48417;X5774;N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-S-p-methoxybenzyl-D-cysteine

Canonical SMILES

CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC(CSCC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C(=O)O

Isomeric SMILES

CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N[C@H](CSCC1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C(=O)O
Method of Synthesis or Extraction
Nicotinuric acid can be synthesized from niacin through a series of chemical reactions, including oxidation, decarboxylation, and amidation. Alternatively, it can be extracted from urine using various methods, such as solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The efficiency and yield of each method depend on several factors, such as the purity and concentration of the starting material, the type and amount of reagents used, and the reaction conditions. Environmental and safety considerations should also be taken into account, such as the use of hazardous chemicals, the generation of waste products, and the potential for contamination.
Chemical Structure and Biological Activity
Nicotinuric acid has a molecular formula of C6H6N2O2 and a molecular weight of 138.13 g/mol. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and ethanol. Nicotinuric acid is a metabolite of niacin that is formed by the oxidation of the pyridine ring and the amidation of the carboxylic acid group. It has been shown to have several biological activities, such as inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species, and modulating the expression of genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Nicotinuric acid has also been found to bind to several biological targets, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and the nuclear factor-kappa B.
Biological Effects
Nicotinuric acid has been studied for its effects on cell function and signal transduction. It has been shown to modulate the activity of several enzymes and pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway, and the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway. Nicotinuric acid has also been investigated for its potential therapeutic and toxic effects. It has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties, as well as hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects at high doses.
Future Perspectives and Challenges
Despite the promising potential of Nicotinuric acid, there are several limitations in its use and study. For example, the lack of standardized methods for its synthesis, extraction, and analysis makes it difficult to compare results across studies. Moreover, the mechanisms of action and biological targets of Nicotinuric acid are not fully understood, and more research is needed to elucidate its effects on different cell types and tissues. Possible solutions and improvements include the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly methods for Nicotinuric acid synthesis and extraction, as well as the use of advanced techniques such as proteomics and metabolomics to study its biological effects. Future trends and prospects in the application of Nicotinuric acid in scientific research include the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of novel drug candidates based on its structure and activity.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Nicotinuric acid is a metabolite of niacin that has been studied for its potential therapeutic and toxic effects, as well as its role in drug development, environmental research, and industrial applications. Its method of synthesis or extraction, chemical structure and biological activity, biological effects, applications, and future perspectives and challenges have been discussed in this paper. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and biological targets of Nicotinuric acid, as well as its potential benefits and risks in different contexts.

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