Prom1 Antibody
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Description
Retinal Degeneration Studies
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Prom1 mutations cause retinal dystrophies like Stargardt disease and cone-rod dystrophy .
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mAB 13A4 underestimates PROM1 levels in photoreceptors by ~5-fold compared to ab27699 due to alternative splicing in the third extracellular domain .
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Structural epitope dependency limits mAB 13A4’s utility in detecting certain isoforms, necessitating complementary antibodies .
Cancer Stem Cell Identification
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PROM1 is a biomarker for cancer stem cells in gliomas, melanomas, and hepatic tumors .
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TA399730 and CD133 HB#7 are used to isolate PROM1+ cells, which drive tumorigenesis and chemoresistance .
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Paradoxically, PROM1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in brain/skin cancers but improved survival in prostate/lung cancers .
Epithelial and Metabolic Regulation
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In hepatocytes, Prom1 regulates gluconeogenesis via STAT3 signaling, validated using mAB 13A4 in mouse models .
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Intestinal Prom1 knockout mice exhibit exacerbated inflammation and dysplasia under AOM/DSS treatment, highlighting its role in mucosal repair .
Clinical and Therapeutic Insights
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Melanoma Vaccines: CD133+ melanoma cells elicit anti-tumor immunity, with DDX3X helicase as a co-target .
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CRISPR/Cas9 Models: Prom1 knockout in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) disrupts autophagy, linking it to age-related macular degeneration .
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Diagnostic Challenges: Antibodies like CPTC-PROM1-2 show variable specificity across cell lines (e.g., negative in A549, H226) , emphasizing rigorous validation.
Technical Considerations
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Epitope Stability: mAB 13A4’s affinity is disrupted by photoreceptor-specific exon inclusion, affecting retinal studies .
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Validation Standards:
Future Directions
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Isoform-Specific Antibodies: Develop tools distinguishing PROM1 splice variants to resolve conflicting roles in cancer .
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Structural Studies: Resolve PROM1-antibody complexes to refine epitope mapping .
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Therapeutic Targeting: Explore PROM1’s role in chemoresistance and immunogenicity across solid tumors .
Product Specs
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Made-to-order (12-14 weeks)
Synonyms
Prom1 antibody; Prom antibody; Proml1 antibody; Prominin-1 antibody; Antigen AC133 homolog antibody; Prominin-like protein 1 antibody; CD antigen CD133 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
Prominin-1 (Prom1) is a protein that may play a role in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. It binds to cholesterol in cholesterol-containing plasma membrane microdomains and may contribute to the organization of the apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells. During early retinal development, it acts as a key regulator of disk morphogenesis. Prom1 is involved in regulating the MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. In neuroblastoma cells, it suppresses cell differentiation, such as neurite outgrowth, in a RET-dependent manner.
Gene References Into Functions
- Hypomyelination observed in CD133(-/-) mice was linked to a reduction in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes. Behavioral analyses revealed that CD133(-/-) mice exhibited significantly impaired object recognition memory and altered Y-maze performance compared to wild-type mice, suggesting compromised cognitive function. PMID: 29772232
- A study examined the different components of the mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) during the first week after chemical induction of type 1 and type 2 diabetes-like (T1DM and T2DM) conditions. Only T2DM mice showed SVZ damage. The initial lesions were localized to ependymal cilia, which appeared disoriented and clumped together. Additionally, they exhibited delocalization of the ciliary membrane protein prominin-1. PMID: 28743634
- CD133-CD55- common progenitors are the primary source of CXCL12 and Kitl producing cells in the developing marrow. PMID: 27929130
- During biliary fibrosis, Prominin-1-expressing progenitor cells undergo transdifferentiation into cells within ductular reactions. This transdifferentiation may promote fibrosis. PMID: 28104292
- Findings clearly demonstrate that Wnt ligands produced by CD133+ DP cells play a critical role in postnatal hair growth by maintaining the inductivity of DP cells and mediating the signaling crosstalk between the mesenchyme and the epithelial compartment. PMID: 27462123
- Prom1 positive pulmonary vascular endothelial cells can contribute to local pulmonary vascular homeostasis and repair. PMID: 27059286
- High CD133 expression promoted stem-ness characteristics and metastatic potential in sphere-forming liver cancer stem cells. PMID: 26735577
- Prom1+ dermal papilla (DP) cells do not contribute to dermal repair but are capable of regulating DP size through beta-catenin-mediated intercellular communication. PMID: 26288357
- These findings support PROM1 as a tumor cell-intrinsic marker associated with glioblastoma survival, independent of its stem cell properties, and highlight potentially divergent roles for this protein in normal mouse and human glia. PMID: 25184684
- The Prom1-knockout retina showed a significant downregulation of expression of the visual cycle components, Rdh12 and Abca4. PMID: 25414197
- Expansion of collagen-producing PROM1 positive cells within regions of periportal fibrosis is associated with activated fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and (TGF)beta pathways in biliary atresia. PMID: 24798639
- CD133 is upregulated during neurogenesis. PMID: 23723983
- CD133, a stem cell marker in mice, does not always translate directly to human skin. PMID: 23495873
- CD133 plays a role in the growth of proneural glioma. PMID: 23637986
- In vivo tumor growth in NOD/SCID mouse xenografts of liver cancer stem cells was significantly repressed after CD133 silencing. PMID: 23233126
- CD133 modifies the frequencies of growth-factor responsive hematopoietic progenitor cells during steady state and after myelotoxic stress in vivo. PMID: 23509298
- A net decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis, by 30%, was found in Prominin-1 knock-out mice. PMID: 23407958
- Evidence for self-renewal capacity was obtained by serial transplantation of long-term epidermal repopulating units derived from CD133(+) and CD133(+)DeltaPsim(hi) keratinocytes. PMID: 22763787
- CD133-positive glioma stem-like cells isolated from murine transplanted gliomas exhibit higher invasive potential after being cocultured with tumor-associated microglia/macrophages. PMID: 22664874
- The microenvironment of the inflamed fibrotic lung impairs the regenerative capacity of bone marrow-derived prominin-1+ progenitor cells and promotes their differentiation into pathogenic phenotypes. PMID: 21943210
- MiR-34a targeting of Notch ligand delta-like 1 impairs CD15+/CD133+ tumor-propagating cells and supports neural differentiation in medulloblastoma. PMID: 21931765
- Increased CD133 expression occurs at early stages of colon tumorigenesis in the mouse. PMID: 22199291
- Sox17 might be a key transcription factor regulating CD133 expression, and it might also play a role in the control of gastric tumor progression. PMID: 21457403
- Data reveal a novel, functional role for Prom1 that is not related to stem cell activity, demonstrating the importance of tissue-specific characterization of putative stem cell markers. PMID: 21337465
- CD133 positivity defines a genetically distinct cellular compartment in primary colorectal cancer cells. PMID: 21435437
- Analysis of CD133/prominin in human and mouse cells. PMID: 21187924
- In addition to conserved expression of prominin-1 in photoreceptors, significant prominin-1-expressing non-photoreceptor retinal cell populations are present in the vertebrate eye. PMID: 21407811
- Mouse prominin-1 is widely expressed in the prostate, whereas in humans only some luminal cells express it. PMID: 20717901
- CD133, CD15/SSEA-1, and CD34 do not restore tumor-initiating properties of long-term cultured malignant glio-neuronal stem cells. PMID: 20181261
- CD133 may play a role in chemo-resistant Ewing sarcoma cells. PMID: 20346143
- The majority of mouse prominin-1 splice variants are widely expressed in mouse tissues. PMID: 20808829
- This study showed that resident microvascular CD133+ pericytes with presumptive stem cell potential are sensitive to spinal cord injury. PMID: 20374199
- Our data show that CD133 expression is not selective for sphere forming, tumor-initiating, or radioresistant subpopulations in the HCT-116 CRC cell lines. PMID: 19699546
- Prominin-1 is involved in the formation and/or stabilization of epididymal stereocilia and the tail of spermatozoa, suggesting a dual role in the biogenesis of spermatozoa. PMID: 15316084
- Prominin-1/CD133 is expressed in embryonic stem cell-derived progenitors. PMID: 15917475
- Colorectal cancer is initiated and propagated by a small number of undifferentiated tumorigenic CD133+ cells, making them a potential target for future therapies. PMID: 17122771
- We propose that prominin-1/CD133 is a novel surface marker useful for collecting dermal papilla (DP) cells in the anagen stage and for analyzing DP function. PMID: 17185982
- Apical midbodies of neuroepithelial cells concentrate prominin-1 (CD133), a somatic stem cell marker and defining constituent of a specific plasma membrane microdomain. PMID: 17283184
- These data suggest that CD133-positive brown adipose tissue-derived cells are a useful tool as cardiomyocytes (CM) inducers, as well as a source of CMs. PMID: 17289932
- Expression of the marker Prominin-1 is observed in the three pairs of major salivary glands: submandibular, major sublingual, and parotid glands in mice. PMID: 17874118
- CD133(+) ependymal cells represent an additional, perhaps more quiescent, stem cell population in the mammalian forebrain. PMID: 18195354
- CD133 has roles in metastatic colon cancer and is expressed in colon cancer stem cells. PMID: 18497883
- CD133 expression is not restricted to intestinal stem or cancer-initiating cells, and during the metastatic transition, CD133+ tumor cells may give rise to the more aggressive CD133(- )subset, which is also capable of tumor initiation in NOD/SCID mice. PMID: 18497886
- Prominin-1+/CD133+ bone marrow-derived heart-resident cells suppress experimental autoimmune myocarditis. PMID: 18621802
- The CD133(+)CD44(+) population had the ability to produce colon tumor. PMID: 18663533
- This study suggests a complex expression pattern of prominin-1 molecules in developing and adult brains. Given that prominin-1 is thought to act as an organizer of plasma membrane protrusions. PMID: 19053060
- Data indicate that Prom1 marks stem cells in the adult small intestine that are susceptible to transformation into tumors retaining a fraction of mutant Prom1(+) tumor cells. PMID: 19092805
- CD133(+)CD45(-) oval cells isolated from premalignant 16-month-old Mat1a(-/-) mice demonstrated significant resistance to transforming growth factor-beta-induced apoptosis compared to CD133(-) cells. PMID: 19115422
- Loss of Prom-1 results in progressive degeneration of mature photoreceptors with complete loss of vision. PMID: 19228982
- Data suggest the possibility that CD133 may be specifically down-regulated during G0/G1, and this should be considered when this marker is used to identify and isolate other tissue and cancer stem cells. PMID: 19430532
Database Links
Protein Families
Prominin family
Subcellular Location
Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, microvillus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment. Endoplasmic reticulum. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment. Note=Found in extracellular membrane particles in various body fluids such as ventricular fluid of the developing brain and urine.
Tissue Specificity
In the submandibular gland, expressed on the apical side of epithelial cells. In the parotid gland, expressed in the intercalated ducts. In the sublingual gland, expressed in intercalated ducts. In the extraorbital lacrimal gland, expressed in the interca
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