Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (GPAT1)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase 1 (GPAT1)
Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana GPAT1 is a heterologously expressed, full-length protein (1–585 amino acids) derived from the AtGPAT1 gene (UniProt ID: Q9SHJ5). This enzyme belongs to the membrane-bound GPAT family and catalyzes the first step in glycerolipid biosynthesis by transferring acyl groups from acyl-CoA to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) at the sn-1 position . Produced in E. coli with an N-terminal His-tag for purification, it is critical for studying lipid metabolism, particularly in pollen development and seed oil biosynthesis .
Enzymatic Specificity
GPAT1 exhibits strict sn-1 regiospecificity, exclusively acylating G3P without competing substrates like lysophosphatidic acid or sterols . Its substrate preference varies under experimental conditions:
| Condition | Preferred Acyl-CoA | Key Observations |
|---|---|---|
| No EDTA | 16:1 and 18:1 | Higher activity with unsaturated fatty acids |
| With EDTA (5 mM) | 18:0 (stearoyl-CoA) | Shift toward saturated fatty acids |
This dual specificity suggests complex in vivo regulation influenced by cellular cofactors .
Pollen Development and Male Fertility
GPAT1 is essential for tapetum degeneration and pollen maturation:
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Tapetum Disruption: atgpat1-1 mutants show altered endoplasmic reticulum profiles and defective lipid body formation in pollen .
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Gametophytic Defects: Pollen grains lacking GPAT1 exhibit impaired competitive fertilization ability .
Seed Oil Biosynthesis
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Lipid Profile Changes: Mutants show reduced triacylglycerol (TAG) content and altered fatty acid composition (e.g., increased 18:2 and 18:3, decreased 16:0) .
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Seed Yield Impact: GPAT1 knockout reduces seed yield but paradoxically increases plant height, likely due to altered cell elongation .
Research Applications
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Enzymatic Assays: Used to study substrate specificity and acyltransferase activity in vitro .
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Protein Purification: His-tag facilitates affinity chromatography for structural or functional studies .
Comparative Analysis with Other GPATs
Product Specs
Note: While we prioritize shipping the format currently in stock, please specify your preferred format in order notes if different. We will accommodate your request whenever possible.
Note: All proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs unless dry ice shipping is specifically requested and pre-arranged. Additional fees apply for dry ice shipping.
The tag type is defined during production. If you require a specific tag, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.
