Recombinant Caenorhabditis remanei Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox-2)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Caenorhabditis remanei Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 2 (COX-2)
Recombinant Caenorhabditis remanei COX-2 is a synthetic protein produced through bacterial expression systems, specifically engineered to study the structural and functional properties of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II. This protein is derived from the nematode species Caenorhabditis remanei and serves as a valuable tool for investigating mitochondrial electron transport mechanisms, oxidative phosphorylation, and related biochemical pathways .
Key Features
| Characteristic | Detail |
|---|---|
| Source Organism | Caenorhabditis remanei (a nematode model organism) |
| Expression System | E. coli |
| Tag | N-terminal His-tag for purification |
| Length | Full-length (1–230 amino acids) |
| Purity | >90% (SDS-PAGE verified) |
| Storage | Lyophilized powder stored at -20°C/-80°C |
Production and Purification
Recombinant COX-2 is synthesized via heterologous expression in E. coli, leveraging bacterial systems for high-yield production. Key steps include:
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Cloning: The cox-2 gene (Q8SEM9) is inserted into an expression vector.
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Expression: Induced in E. coli cultures under optimized growth conditions.
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Purification:
Functional Role in Cytochrome c Oxidase
COX-2 is integral to Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its primary roles include:
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Electron Transfer: Facilitates electron delivery from cytochrome c to the catalytic subunit (COX1) via the CuA center .
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Oxygen Reduction: Contributes to the formation of the bimetallic active site (heme A3 and CuB) in COX1, enabling O₂ reduction to H₂O .
Comparison with Human COX2
Research Applications and Findings
Recombinant COX-2 is primarily used in:
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Structural Studies: Crystallization and cryo-EM to resolve COX2’s role in Complex IV assembly .
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Biochemical Assays: Kinetic analysis of electron transfer rates and oxygen consumption .
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Disease Modeling: Investigating mitochondrial dysfunction in nematode models, with implications for human Complex IV deficiencies .
Challenges and Considerations
Product Specs
Note: While we prioritize shipping the format currently in stock, please specify your format preference during order placement for customized preparation.
Note: All proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs. Dry ice shipping requires prior arrangement and incurs additional charges.
The tag type is determined during production. If you require a specific tag, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.
Target Background
Recombinant Caenorhabditis remanei Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox-2): A component of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain responsible for oxidative phosphorylation. This chain comprises three multi-subunit complexes: succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III, CIII), and cytochrome c oxidase (CIV). These complexes collaborate to transfer electrons from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, generating an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane that drives ATP synthesis and transmembrane transport. Cytochrome c oxidase catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the CuA center of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the binuclear center (BNC) in subunit 1. This BNC, composed of heme A3 and CuB, reduces molecular oxygen to two water molecules using four electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and four protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
