Recombinant Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 (CPK4), partial

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Cat. No.

BT2497649

Source

Yeast

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT2497649

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT2497649

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT2497649

Source

Baculovirus

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT2497649

Source

Mammalian cell

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Description

Introduction to Recombinant Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase 4 (CPK4), Partial

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are a family of enzymes that play crucial roles in various cellular processes, particularly in plants. Among these, Recombinant Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase 4 (CPK4), partial, refers to a genetically engineered version of the CPK4 enzyme, which is a member of the CDPK family. This recombinant form is often used in research to study the functions and mechanisms of CPK4 in plant signaling pathways.

Structure and Function of CPK4

CPK4 is structurally similar to other CDPKs, with a calcium-binding domain and a kinase domain. It is activated by calcium ions (Ca²⁺), which bind to the calcium-binding domain, leading to a conformational change that activates the kinase activity. This activation allows CPK4 to phosphorylate various downstream targets, influencing several physiological processes in plants.

Feature	Description
Calcium Sensitivity	Displays half-maximal kinase activity at approximately 3 μM free Ca²⁺ .
Localization	Found in both cytoplasm and nucleus, facilitating its role in early and delayed cellular responses .
Targets	Phosphorylates ABA-responsive transcription factors like ABF1 and ABF4 .

Role in ABA Signaling

CPK4 plays a significant role in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways, which are crucial for plant responses to stress conditions such as drought and salt stress. ABA stimulates CPK4 activity, which in turn phosphorylates and activates transcription factors involved in stress responses. This process is essential for regulating seed germination, seedling growth, and stomatal movement.

Process	Role of CPK4
Seed Germination	Regulates ABA sensitivity, affecting germination under stress conditions .
Seedling Growth	Influences growth by modulating ABA responses .
Stomatal Movement	Involved in stomatal closure, which helps conserve water during drought .

Genetic Evidence and Mutant Studies

Studies using loss-of-function mutants of CPK4 have shown pleiotropic ABA-insensitive phenotypes, including reduced sensitivity to salt stress. Overexpression of CPK4 generally results in enhanced ABA sensitivity, highlighting its role as a positive regulator in ABA signaling pathways. Double mutants with CPK11, another CDPK, exhibit stronger phenotypic effects, suggesting redundancy and potential distinct pathways for these kinases .

Mutant Type	Phenotype
CPK4 Loss-of-Function	ABA-insensitive, reduced salt tolerance .
CPK4 Overexpression	Enhanced ABA sensitivity .
CPK4/CPK11 Double Mutant	Stronger ABA-insensitive and salt-insensitive phenotypes .

Research Findings and Applications

Research on CPK4 has provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of plant stress responses. Understanding how CPK4 functions in ABA signaling can help in developing strategies to improve plant resilience to environmental stresses. This knowledge can be applied in agriculture to enhance crop yields under challenging conditions.

Product Specs

Form

Lyophilized powder
Note: While we will prioritize shipping the format currently in stock, please specify your format preference in order notes for customized preparation.

Lead Time

Delivery times vary depending on the purchasing method and location. Please consult your local distributor for precise delivery timelines.
Note: All proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs unless dry ice shipping is specifically requested and agreed upon in advance. Additional charges will apply for dry ice shipping.

Notes

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Reconstitution

Centrifuge the vial briefly before opening to consolidate the contents. Reconstitute the protein in sterile, deionized water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. We recommend adding 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquoting for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our standard glycerol concentration is 50% and can serve as a guideline.

Shelf Life

Shelf life depends on various factors including storage conditions, buffer composition, temperature, and protein stability. Generally, liquid formulations have a 6-month shelf life at -20°C/-80°C, while lyophilized forms have a 12-month shelf life at -20°C/-80°C.

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt. Aliquoting is crucial for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Tag Info

The tag type is determined during manufacturing.
The tag type is determined during the production process. If a specific tag type is required, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.

Synonyms

CPK4; CDPK4; PY03298Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4; EC 2.7.11.1

Buffer Before Lyophilization

Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.

Datasheet

Please contact us to get it.

Protein Length

Partial

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

Species

Plasmodium yoelii yoelii

Target Names

CPK4

Uniprot No.

Q7RJG2

Target Background

Function

Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 (CPK4) functions as a sensor and effector of intracellular Ca²⁺ levels, potentially downstream of cGMP-activated PKG kinase. It plays a crucial role in the erythrocytic and hepatocytic infection cycles, sexual reproduction, and mosquito transmission of the parasite. During the liver stage, CPK4 is involved in sporozoite motility and hepatocyte invasion, possibly in conjunction with CDPK1 and CDPK5. It contributes to merosome egress from hepatocytes, potentially alongside CDPK5. In the asexual blood stage, CPK4 participates in merozoite invasion of erythrocytes and motility by stabilizing the inner membrane complex, a sub-plasma membrane structure anchoring the acto-myosin motor, the glidosome. It is essential for male gametocyte cell cycle progression. During male gametogenesis in the mosquito gut, CPK4 is required for initiating the first round of DNA replication (possibly by facilitating pre-replicative MCM complex assembly), assembling the first mitotic spindle, and initiating axoneme motility, cytokinesis, and exflagellation. It may phosphorylate SOC1, SOC2, and SOC3 during these processes. CPK4, in collaboration with CDPK1, regulates ookinete gliding in the mosquito midgut.

Database Links

STRING: 352914.XP_731293.1

Protein Families

Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, CDPK subfamily

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor.

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Recombinant Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 (CPK4), partial

Description

Introduction to Recombinant Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase 4 (CPK4), Partial

Structure and Function of CPK4

Role in ABA Signaling

Genetic Evidence and Mutant Studies

Research Findings and Applications

Product Specs

Target Background

Quick Inquiry

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