Recombinant Coxiella burnetii Tyrosine--tRNA ligase (tyrS)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Coxiella burnetii Tyrosine--tRNA Ligase (tyrS)
Recombinant Coxiella burnetii Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, encoded by the gene tyrS, is an enzyme crucial for the aminoacylation process in bacteria. This enzyme catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to its cognate transfer RNA (tRNA), facilitating protein synthesis. Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium responsible for Q fever, a zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals. Understanding the biochemical pathways of this bacterium, including the role of tyrosine--tRNA ligase, is essential for developing therapeutic strategies.
Function and Mechanism
Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, or tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, is part of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family, which plays a pivotal role in translating the genetic code by linking amino acids to their corresponding tRNAs. The enzyme catalyzes a two-step reaction:
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Activation of Tyrosine: Tyrosine is activated by ATP to form tyrosyl-adenylate (Tyr-AMP).
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Transfer to tRNA: The activated tyrosine is then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr), resulting in L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) .
This process is critical for ensuring the fidelity of protein synthesis by accurately matching amino acids with their codons.
Research Findings and Potential Applications
While specific research on recombinant Coxiella burnetii Tyrosine--tRNA ligase is limited, studies on tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases from other organisms highlight their potential as targets for antibiotics due to their species-specific interactions with tRNA . The ability to engineer these enzymes to recognize different tRNAs could be exploited in developing novel antimicrobial strategies.
Table: Comparison of Tyrosyl-tRNA Synthetases Across Different Organisms
| Feature | Bacillus stearothermophilus | Thermus thermophilus | Human |
|---|---|---|---|
| Structure | Class I, with N-terminal and idiosyncratic domains | Similar to Bst-TyrRS, with a solved quaternary complex | Full-length protein, 1-528 aa |
| Catalytic Mechanism | Two-step reaction: activation and transfer | Similar to Bst-TyrRS | Two-step reaction, with additional roles in poly-ADP-ribosylation |
| Species Specificity | Recognizes Gua1:Cyt72 in tRNA(Tyr) | Recognizes Gua1:Cyt72 | Recognizes Cyt1:Gua72; requires potassium ions for activity |
References
- Tyrosyl-tRNA Synthetases - Madame Curie Bioscience Database
- Activation of protein tyrosine kinases by Coxiella burnetii - PubMed
- Recombinant Human Tyrosyl tRNA synthetase/TyrRS protein - Abcam
- Tyrosine—tRNA ligase - Wikipedia
Product Specs
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Target Background
KEGG: cbu:CBU_0181
STRING: 227377.CBU_0181
