Recombinant Drosophila affinis Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (mt:CoII)
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Target Background
Recombinant Drosophila affinis Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (mt:CoII) is a component of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain responsible for oxidative phosphorylation. This chain comprises three multi-subunit complexes: succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), and cytochrome c oxidase (CIV). These complexes collaborate to transfer electrons from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, generating an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane that drives transmembrane transport and ATP synthase activity. Cytochrome c oxidase catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred through the dinuclear copper A center (CuA) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site within subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) composed of heme A3 and copper B (CuB). The BNC utilizes four electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and four protons from the mitochondrial matrix to reduce molecular oxygen to two water molecules.
