Recombinant Escherichia coli O127:H6 Probable ubiquinone biosynthesis protein UbiB (ubiB)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Escherichia coli O127:H6 Probable Ubiquinone Biosynthesis Protein UbiB (ubiB)
The Recombinant Escherichia coli O127:H6 Probable Ubiquinone Biosynthesis Protein UbiB (ubiB) is a genetically engineered protein derived from the ubiB gene in Escherichia coli. This protein plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q), which is essential for the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation in bacteria. The ubiB gene is part of an operon that includes ubiE and yigP, and its disruption affects CoQ biosynthesis by causing the accumulation of octaprenylphenol, a precursor in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway .
Role of UbiB in Ubiquinone Biosynthesis
UbiB is involved in the first monooxygenase step of CoQ biosynthesis. Mutations in the ubiB gene lead to the accumulation of 2-octaprenylphenol, indicating its essential role in converting this intermediate into further products in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway . The protein is also a member of a predicted protein kinase family, similar to the ABC1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting potential kinase activity that could regulate CoQ biosynthesis through phosphorylation .
Genetic and Biochemical Characteristics
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Genetic Location: The ubiB gene is closely linked to ubiD in Escherichia coli, and mutations in these genes result in the accumulation of different intermediates in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway .
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Operon Structure: ubiB is part of an operon with ubiE and yigP. The ubiE gene encodes a C-methyltransferase necessary for both CoQ and menaquinone synthesis .
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Protein Kinase Activity: Although not definitively proven, UbiB's similarity to protein kinases suggests it might play a regulatory role in CoQ biosynthesis by phosphorylating key enzymes .
Research Findings and Implications
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of UbiB family proteins in mitochondrial function and CoQ distribution. In yeast, UbiB-like proteins (e.g., Cqd1 and Cqd2) influence CoQ distribution without affecting total cellular CoQ levels . The development of inhibitors for UbiB family proteins, such as COQ8, has provided tools for studying their roles in CoQ biosynthesis and potential therapeutic applications .
Table 1: Accumulation of Intermediates in ubiB Mutants
| Mutant Gene | Accumulated Intermediate |
|---|---|
| ubiB | 2-octaprenylphenol |
| ubiD | 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid |
Table 2: Functions of UbiB Family Proteins
| Protein | Function |
|---|---|
| UbiB | Involved in CoQ biosynthesis |
| Cqd1/Cqd2 | Influence CoQ distribution in mitochondria |
| COQ8 | Essential for CoQ biosynthesis in humans |
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Target Background
This protein is likely a protein kinase regulator of UbiI activity, which is involved in aerobic coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) biosynthesis.
KEGG: ecg:E2348C_4149
