In-Frame Deletions: The tmk gene was replaced with the kanamycin resistance gene kka1 to create conditional-lethal strains. These strains require plasmid-encoded tmk for viability, enabling functional complementation studies .
Heterologous Expression: The E. coli tmk gene has been co-expressed with acetate kinase (ACKase) in recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3) for industrial dTTP synthesis .
Complementation Studies: Plasmids expressing thymidylate kinases from bacteriophage T4, yeast, or humans (dTYMK) rescue viability in Δtmk strains, demonstrating cross-species functional compatibility .
Enzymatic dTTP Synthesis: Recombinant E. coli coexpressing tmk and ACKase achieve >94% conversion of dTMP to dTTP using acetyl phosphate as a phosphate donor .
Nucleoside Analogue Phosphorylation: The enzyme is used to activate antiviral/anticancer nucleoside analogues (e.g., zidovudine, gemcitabine) in therapeutic contexts .
Industrial Scale-Up: Permeabilized cells of recombinant E. coli (strain pTA) retain ~90% enzyme activity after EDTA treatment, enabling efficient continuous production .
KEGG: ecd:ECDH10B_1170