Recombinant Human C-C motif chemokine 13 protein (CCL13), partial (Active)
Description
Production and Expression Systems
CCL13 is produced via recombinant DNA technology in either E. coli or HEK 293 cells, yielding distinct isoforms.
Production Methods
| System | Sequence | Purity | Endotoxin | Applications | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli | Residues 24–98 | ≥95% | ≤0.1 EU/µg | Bioassays, in vitro studies | |
| HEK 293 | Full-length (24–98) | ≥95% | ≤0.005 EU/µg | SDS-PAGE, HPLC, biological activity tests |
Note: HEK 293-expressed CCL13 retains post-translational modifications absent in E. coli-derived forms .
Biological Activity and Receptor Interactions
CCL13 acts as a chemoattractant for immune cells via CCR2B and CCR3 receptors, with additional binding to CCR1, CCR5, and CCR11 .
Functional Roles
Research Applications
CCL13 is widely used in studies exploring inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
Experimental Uses
Clinical Relevance
CCL13 is implicated in multiple diseases, with both pathogenic and protective roles.
Disease Associations
Therapeutic Potential
Blocking CCL13 or its receptors (e.g., CCR3, CCR2) is under investigation for inflammatory and allergic diseases.
Inhibitors in Development
Product Specs
This recombinant human CCL13 protein is expressed in E. coli and encompasses an amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 24-98 of the human CCL13 protein. The product is tag-free and supplied as a lyophilized powder, which can be reconstituted in sterile water or buffer prior to use. The protein exhibits a purity exceeding 96%, as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC, and the endotoxin level is less than 1.0 EU/µg, as measured by the LAL method. The recombinant CCL13 demonstrates full biological activity in comparison to the standard, with its activity confirmed through a chemotaxis bioassay utilizing human monocytes at a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml.
C-C motif chemokine 13 (CCL13), a small secreted protein belonging to the CC chemokine family, plays a crucial role in immune and inflammatory responses. CCL13 is involved in the recruitment and activation of immune cells, particularly monocytes, and its function and regulation have been extensively studied in the field of immunology.
Target Background
- CCL13 expression is significantly upregulated in human masticatory mucosa during wound healing PMID: 28005267
- Serum and synovial fluid CCL13 levels may serve as biomarkers for osteoarthritis progression. PMID: 25654294
- CCL13 exhibits antimicrobial activity with bactericidal effects against E. coli. PMID: 12949249
- CCL13 binds to several chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR2, and CCR3), eliciting diverse effects on immune system target cells. CCL13 is implicated in the pathology of chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. [REVIEW] PMID: 23846739
- MCP-4 and hsCRP may be markers linking chronic inflammation in obesity and periodontal disease. PMID: 23375121
- E(2) negatively impacts rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis due to unregulated cell death, enhanced TNF-alpha-induced MMP-3 production, and CCL13 overproduction, leading to disease progression. PMID: 22393877
- CCR2 pro-atherogenic effects may extend beyond interaction with MCP-1, potentially involving activation by MCP-4, representing an inflammatory link between platelet and monocyte activation. PMID: 20139115
- The monocyte chemoattractant protein-4 core promoter YY-1 binding motif is functional and modulates the transcriptional regulation of the MCP-4 gene. PMID: 12805085
- This study aimed to understand the functional proteomics of receptor-Ck and developmental stages of human atherosclerotic aortic wall. PMID: 14560935
- MCP-4 might be a crucial molecule linking obesity and chronic inflammation. PMID: 16855189
- The Th2 cytokine IL-4 preferentially stimulated MCP-4 expression. PMID: 17541284
- Interferon-gamma with IL-1beta/TNF-alpha activates CCL13 production from chondrocytes in rheumatoid arthritis joints. Secreted CCL13 enhances fibroblast-like synoviocyte proliferation by activating the extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinases cascade PMID: 17824960
- TLR2, 3, 4, and 5 ligands, but not TLR7/8 or 9 ligands, synergized with IL-4 to induce MCP-4 production in nasal polyp fibroblasts. PMID: 17851891
- CCL13 and HSPC159 mRNA expressions in PBMC are specifically up-regulated in MCNS patients during the nephrosis phase. PMID: 18219197
- Oncostatin M can strongly up-regulate CCL13 expression, a chemokine recently identified in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients. PMID: 19565514
