Recombinant SIRT1 is typically produced via bacterial expression systems:
Expression Vector: Cloned into E. coli plasmids for high-yield production .
Purification: Affinity chromatography using the N-terminal 6xHis tag, achieving >90% purity .
Activity Validation: Confirmed through deacetylation assays (e.g., p53 or histone H3 substrates) .
Recombinant SIRT1 is widely used to study its roles in:
p53 Deacetylation: Suppresses apoptosis by deacetylating p53 at Lys379, reducing its transcriptional activity .
Bcl-2/Bax Balance: Enhances Bcl-2 expression while reducing Bax, promoting cell survival .
PGC-1α/ERR-α Complex: Regulates gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis .
DNA Repair: Facilitates homologous recombination (HR) via interaction with WRN helicase .
NF-κB Inhibition: Deacetylates RelA/p65 subunit, dampening inflammatory responses .
S-Nitrosation Inhibition: Cysteine residues (e.g., C395/C398) are transnitrosated by S-nitrosoglutathione, reversibly inhibiting activity .