Recombinant Human Olfactory receptor 10G7 (OR10G7)
Description
Functional Roles in Skin Physiology
OR10G7 is implicated in atopic dermatitis (AD) and epidermal signaling:
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Expression: Elevated in undifferentiated keratinocytes of AD patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.01) .
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Mechanisms:
Research Tools for OR10G7 Detection
Commercial kits and antibodies utilize recombinant technologies for OR10G7 analysis:
OR10G7 in Disease Pathways
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AD Pathogenesis: OR10G7 activation in keratinocytes triggers ATP-dependent nociceptive responses, potentially modulating sensory pathways in AD skin .
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Therapeutic Potential: Targeting OR10G7 signaling (e.g., via siRNA) reduces ATP production, highlighting its role as a candidate for AD treatment .
Signaling Pathways
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Odorant binding → cAMP elevation → Ca²⁺ influx → MAPK phosphorylation (p38, ERK) → Altered keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation .
Limitations and Future Directions
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Recombinant Protein Gaps: Current tools (e.g., ELISA kits) are optimized for native OR10G7 . Recombinant OR10G7 production methods remain undescribed in available literature.
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Functional Studies: Further work is needed to characterize recombinant OR10G7’s ligand-binding kinetics and structural dynamics.
Product Specs
Note: We will prioritize shipping the format currently in stock. However, if you have specific format requirements, please indicate them in your order notes, and we will fulfill your request.
Note: All our proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs by default. If dry ice shipment is required, please inform us in advance, as additional fees will apply.
Generally, the shelf life of the liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The lyophilized form has a shelf life of 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Target Background
Q&A
Basic Research Questions
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What is OR10G7 and where is it expressed in the human body?
OR10G7 is a member of the olfactory receptor family that functions as a chemosensor detecting odor molecules. While olfactory receptors are primarily expressed in the nasal epithelium, OR10G7 is notably expressed as an ectopic receptor in the skin, particularly in the upper granular layer of the epidermis . Fluorescent immunostaining demonstrates that OR10G7 protein localization is predominantly observed in the upper granular layer of the epidermis, with expression patterns differing between normal and pathological skin conditions .
Whole transcriptome sequencing of skin samples has revealed that olfactory receptors, including OR10G7, show their highest expression in skin tape strips corresponding to the upper granular layer of the skin . OR10G7 was detected in non-lesional skin tape strips from 12 out of 18 atopic dermatitis patients, compared to only 4 out of 13 healthy controls, indicating differential expression patterns in disease states .
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What experimental methods are used to detect OR10G7 expression in tissues?
Multiple complementary approaches are employed to characterize OR10G7 expression:
Transcriptomic Analysis: Low input whole transcriptome sequencing can detect OR10G7 transcripts in skin tape strip and biopsy specimens . This method allows for comparative analysis between different tissue layers and disease states.
RT-PCR Analysis: Real-time PCR is utilized to quantify OR10G7 mRNA expression in skin biopsies and primary human keratinocyte cultures. The protocol typically involves RNA isolation using TRI reagent or RNeasy Mini Kits, followed by reverse transcription using SuperScript® VILO™ MasterMix and quantification using an ABI Prism 7300 sequence detector .
Immunofluorescent Staining: For protein localization, researchers employ fluorescent immunostaining on skin biopsy sections. The protocol involves blocking with Super Block and 5% bovine serum albumin, followed by staining with rabbit polyclonal anti-OR10G7 antibody (1:500 dilution; OriGene Technologies), washing with PBS/Tween-20 (0.1%), and incubation with Cy3-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG. Visualization is performed using an immunofluorescent microscope .
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What are the known ligands for OR10G7 and how are they identified?
Known ligands for OR10G7 include acetophenone, eugenol, guaiacol, and isoeugenol . These odorants were identified through functional studies examining receptor responses in heterologous expression systems.
The identification process typically involves:
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Heterologous expression of OR10G7 in cell lines
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Stimulation with candidate odorants
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Measurement of receptor activation through second messenger assays
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Dose-response analyses to determine potency and efficacy
Functional assays have demonstrated that primary human keratinocytes produce ATP, an essential neurotransmitter in sensory pathways, in response to acetophenone and eugenol stimulation . This response is abolished in OR10G7 siRNA-transfected keratinocytes, confirming ligand specificity .
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What challenges exist in expressing recombinant human OR10G7 in heterologous systems?
Several technical challenges complicate the functional expression of recombinant human olfactory receptors, including OR10G7:
Poor Membrane Trafficking: Like most olfactory receptors, OR10G7 exhibits poor cell surface expression in heterologous cells, limiting functional studies .
Low Transcription Efficiency: Inadequate transcriptional levels often result in insufficient receptor expression .
Protein Misfolding: Olfactory receptors frequently misfold when expressed in non-native environments.
Receptor Internalization: Rapid internalization following expression reduces the available surface receptors.
Recent methodological advances to overcome these challenges include using the TAR-Tat system, which increases transcription efficiency through positive feedback, resulting in enhanced hOR expression and functional responses to odorants . While not specifically demonstrated for OR10G7, this approach has shown robust expression for other human olfactory receptors (OR1A1, OR6N2, and OR51M1) .
