Recombinant Lactobacillus johnsonii Guanylate kinase (gmk)

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Description

Guanylate Kinase (GMK) in Bacterial Physiology

GMK catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of GMP to GDP, a key step in GTP biosynthesis. Its regulation by stress-signaling nucleotides like (p)ppGpp has been extensively studied:

  • Mechanism of Action:

    • GMK binds (p)ppGpp during amino acid starvation, competitively inhibiting GMP-to-GDP conversion .

    • This inhibition leads to GMP accumulation and reduced GTP levels, indirectly modulating transcription and stress adaptation .

Key Features of GMK RegulationImpact
(p)ppGpp binding to GMK active siteHalts GTP production, redirecting resources to stress responses
Conservation in FirmicutesEvolutionary adaptation to nutrient scarcity
GMP accumulation during starvationActivates CodY-mediated amino acid biosynthesis genes

Recombinant Lactobacillus johnsonii Engineering

Though no studies explicitly describe GMK engineering in L. johnsonii, its genetic tractability and probiotic properties make it a candidate for metabolic engineering:

  • Genetic Tools for *L. johnsonii*:

    • Electroporation and plasmid systems (e.g., pPG612) enable stable heterologous gene expression .

    • Example: Bovine GM-CSF was successfully expressed in L. johnsonii using pPG612, confirmed via Western blot .

ParameterDetails
VectorpPG612 (chloramphenicol resistance)
Induction methodXylose (10 g/L)
Protein detection15 kDa band (GM-CSF)
Genetic stabilityMaintained over 40 generations

Potential Applications of Engineered GMK in L. johnsonii

Hypothetical applications based on GMK’s role in other bacteria:

  • Metabolic Engineering:

    • Modulating GTP levels to enhance stress tolerance or regulate CodY-mediated pathways .

    • Synergistic use with (p)ppGpp synthetases for controlled nucleotide pool management.

  • Therapeutic Development:

    • Probiotic strains engineered to influence host nucleotide metabolism, potentially mitigating inflammation or oxidative stress .

Research Gaps and Future Directions

  • Unanswered Questions:

    • Endogenous GMK activity in L. johnsonii remains uncharacterized.

    • No studies have reported GMK overexpression or knockout in this species.

  • Opportunities:

    • Leverage L. johnsonii’s mucosal adherence to deliver GMK-targeted therapies.

    • Explore GMK’s role in probiotic-host interactions, such as immunomodulation .

Product Specs

Form
Lyophilized powder. We will ship the in-stock format preferentially. If you have special format requirements, please note them when ordering.
Lead Time
Delivery time varies by purchase method and location. Consult local distributors for specific delivery times. All proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs. Request dry ice in advance for an additional fee.
Notes
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Working aliquots are stable at 4°C for up to one week.
Reconstitution
Briefly centrifuge the vial before opening. Reconstitute in sterile deionized water to 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Add 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final glycerol concentration is 50%.
Shelf Life
Shelf life depends on storage conditions, buffer components, temperature, and protein stability. Liquid form: 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Lyophilized form: 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon arrival. Aliquot for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Tag Info
Tag type is determined during manufacturing. If you require a specific tag, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.
Synonyms
gmk; LJ_1543; Guanylate kinase; EC 2.7.4.8; GMP kinase
Buffer Before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.
Expression Region
1-204
Protein Length
full length protein
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
Species
Lactobacillus johnsonii (strain CNCM I-12250 / La1 / NCC 533)
Target Names
gmk
Target Protein Sequence
MAHQGLLLVL SGPSGVGKGT VKSAMVKQKA FSFEYSVSMT TRKPRPGEVN GKDYYFVSED RFQEAIKGNE LLEYNEYVGN HYGTPLAPVQ KMLNEGKDVL LEIDVNGAKQ VRKLMPDGVF IFLTPPDLHE LKHRIVNRGT DSDKVIAMRM KQARKEILMM EDYDYAVVND TVANAVDHIK SIVEAEHVRV PRVINDYRNM VKED
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
Essential for recycling GMP and, indirectly, cGMP.
Database Links

KEGG: ljo:LJ_1543

STRING: 257314.LJ1543

Protein Families
Guanylate kinase family
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm.

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