Recombinant Macaca fascicularis NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4 (MT-ND4)
Description
Functional Role of MT-ND4
MT-ND4 is a core subunit of mitochondrial Complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase), which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone during oxidative phosphorylation . This process drives ATP synthesis and is critical for cellular energy production. In primates, MT-ND4 is encoded by mitochondrial DNA and exhibits high evolutionary conservation .
Key Functions:
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Facilitates electron transport in the mitochondrial respiratory chain .
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Maintains proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane .
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Mutations in MT-ND4 are linked to neurodegenerative disorders like Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and Leigh syndrome .
Recombinant MT-ND4 in Macaca fascicularis
While recombinant MT-ND4 from Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) is not explicitly detailed in the provided sources, related products and homologs offer contextual insights:
Table 1: Recombinant MT-ND4/MT-ND4L Proteins in Primates
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MT-ND4L vs. MT-ND4: ND4L is a smaller, accessory subunit of Complex I, whereas ND4 is a core catalytic subunit . Both are critical for electron transport but differ in structural roles.
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Commercial Availability: Recombinant MT-ND4L for Macaca fascicularis is marketed for immunological assays (e.g., ELISA) with specifications including Tris-based storage buffers and tags for purification .
Disease Modeling
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MT-ND4 mutations (e.g., G11778A in humans) impair Complex I function, leading to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and optic neuropathy .
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Macaca fascicularis is a key model for translational studies due to ~93% genetic similarity to humans . Recombinant mitochondrial proteins from this species could enhance research on neurodegenerative diseases.
Evolutionary Insights
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Phylogenetic analyses of macaque mitochondrial genomes reveal gene conversion events and NUMTs (nuclear mitochondrial DNA segments) that influence mitochondrial diversity .
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For example, tandem repeats in the D-loop region of Macaca leonina mtDNA suggest species-specific structural variations .
Table 2: Example Recombinant MT-ND4 Product (Caiman crocodilus)
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Amino Acid Sequence | GLQLTSPLLTAWWFLACSTNMALPPTINLSGELTLITSLFSWLDITVFLTGLSAFATTTYTLYMFSST... |
| Molecular Weight | 12.1 kDa |
| Purity | >95% (SDS-PAGE) |
| Applications | WB, ELISA, enzymatic assays |
| Storage | -20°C in Tris-based buffer with 50% glycerol |
Future Directions
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Functional Studies: Heterologous expression of Macaca fascicularis MT-ND4 in systems like E. coli or mammalian cells could clarify its kinetic properties and disease-related mutations.
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Comparative Analyses: Cross-species studies (e.g., human vs. macaque) may identify conserved residues critical for Complex I stability .
Product Specs
Note: While we prioritize shipping the format we have in stock, we are happy to accommodate special requests for the format. Please specify your preferred format during order placement, and we will prepare the product accordingly.
Note: All of our proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs by default. If dry ice shipping is required, please inform us in advance as additional fees will apply.
Generally, liquid form has a shelf life of 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Lyophilized form has a shelf life of 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
