Recombinant Meriones unguiculatus Interleukin-10 (IL10)
Description
Introduction
Recombinant Meriones unguiculatus Interleukin-10 (IL10) is a genetically engineered cytokine derived from the desert rodent Meriones unguiculatus. IL10 is a key anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory protein that plays a critical role in balancing immune responses. Its recombinant form is produced through heterologous expression systems, such as bacterial, yeast, or mammalian cells, enabling scalable production for research and therapeutic applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of its production, structure, function, and research findings, drawing on diverse sources to highlight its significance in immunology and disease modeling.
Production Systems
Recombinant Meriones IL10 is synthesized using various expression systems:
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E. coli: High-yield fermentation with biotinylation for in vivo applications .
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Mammalian cells: Human cell lines for post-translational modifications .
Molecular Structure
The mature protein is a 36.7 kDa non-covalent homodimer (18.4 kDa per monomer), stabilized by two intrachain disulfide bonds . Its structure is conserved across species, sharing 72–86% amino acid identity with human and rodent IL10 .
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 36.7 kDa (homodimer) | |
| Expression Systems | E. coli, yeast, mammalian | |
| Disulfide Bridges | 2 per monomer |
Signaling Pathway
IL10 binds to the IL10R1/IL10R2 receptor complex, activating the JAK/STAT pathway. This signaling cascade:
Cell-Specific Effects
| Cell Type | Effect |
|---|---|
| Macrophages | Reduces MHC-II expression |
| Th1 Cells | Inhibits IFN-γ synthesis |
| B Cells | Promotes survival and Ig secretion |
4.1. Therapeutic Potential
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Human IL10 trials (5 µg/kg) achieved clinical remission in 23.5% of Crohn’s patients .
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Cancer Immunotherapy: Engineered IL10 variants (e.g., STm dimers) enhance CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity .
