Recombinant Mouse Interleukin-36 beta protein (Il36b) (Active)

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Cat. No.
BT2021034
Synonyms
Il36b; Fil1e; Il1f8; Interleukin-36 beta; Interleukin-1 family member 8; IL-1F8
Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
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Description

Protein Structure and Production

  • Expression System: Produced in E. coli with high purity (>95% by SDS-PAGE) and endotoxin levels <1.0 EU/μg .

  • Amino Acid Sequence: Typically spans residues 31–183 (mature form), excluding the propeptide region. Full-length variants (Met1–Lys183) are also available .

  • Molecular Weight:

    SourceMolecular Weight
    R&D Systems 16 kDa
    Beta LifeScience 17.4 kDa
    MSE Supplies 17.6 kDa
    Biomatik 20.9 kDa

Discrepancies arise from post-translational modifications or buffer components.

Functional Data

  • ED₅₀: Induces IL-6 secretion in murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts at 1–10 ng/mL .

  • Signaling Pathways: Activates NF-κB and MAPK via IL-36R/IL-1Rrp2 and IL-1RAcP coreceptor .

  • Key Functions:

    • Stimulates IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and antimicrobial peptides (e.g., β-defensins) .

    • Enhances dendritic cell maturation (CD80/CD86/MHC-II expression) .

    • Drives neutrophilic inflammation in skin and lung models .

Inflammatory and Immune Roles

  • Skin Inflammation:

    • Upregulated in psoriatic keratinocytes, promoting IL-17/IFN-γ production by T-cells .

    • Critical for dendritic cell-keratinocyte crosstalk in psoriasiform dermatitis .

  • Lung Pathology:

    • Amplifies neutrophilic inflammation via GM-CSF synergy and IL-1β/CXCL1 induction .

    • Cooperates with poly(I:C) to activate macrophages and fibroblasts, exacerbating lung injury .

Disease Models

  • COPD/Emphysema: IL-36R knockout mice show reduced neutrophil influx and cytokine production during viral exacerbations .

  • Arthritis: Synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes produce IL-6/IL-8 in response to IL-36β stimulation .

Applications in Research

  • Bioassays: Quantifying IL-36β activity via IL-6 induction in NIH/3T3 cells .

  • ELISA Standards: Carrier-containing formulations ensure stability for quantitative assays .

  • In Vivo Models: Used to study psoriasis, COPD, and arthritis pathogenesis .

Key Citations

  1. Towne et al. (2004): Demonstrated IL-36β’s role in IL-6/IL-8 induction and NF-κB activation .

  2. Tortola et al. (2012): Linked IL-36β to psoriasiform dermatitis via DC-keratinocyte interactions .

  3. Johnston et al. (2011): Identified IL-36β as a driver of neutrophilic inflammation in lung injury .

Future Directions

Current research explores IL-36β as a therapeutic target in psoriasis and COPD. Neutralizing antibodies and receptor antagonists are under development to mitigate its pro-inflammatory effects while preserving IL-1-mediated host defense .

Product Specs

Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution containing 20 mM Tris, 300 mM NaCl, pH 8.0, and 5% trehalose.
Form
Lyophilized powder
Lead Time
5-10 business days
Notes
Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Reconstitution
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to ensure the contents are at the bottom. Reconstitute the protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. We recommend adding 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquoting for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50% and can be used as a reference.
Shelf Life
The shelf life is influenced by various factors such as storage conditions, buffer ingredients, storage temperature, and the intrinsic stability of the protein. Generally, the shelf life of the liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The lyophilized form has a shelf life of 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt. Aliquoting is recommended for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Tag Info
Tag-Free
Synonyms
Il36b; Fil1e; Il1f8; Interleukin-36 beta; Interleukin-1 family member 8; IL-1F8
Datasheet & Coa
Please contact us to get it.
Expression Region
1-183aa
Mol. Weight
20.9 kDa
Protein Length
Full Length
Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Research Area
Immunology
Source
E.coli
Species
Mus musculus (Mouse)
Target Names
Il36b
Uniprot No.
Q9D6Z6

Target Background

Function
Interleukin-36 beta (IL-36β) is a cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor. This interaction triggers the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells, leading to a pro-inflammatory response. IL-36β is part of the IL-36 signaling system, believed to be present in epithelial barriers and involved in local inflammatory responses. This system shares similarities with the IL-1 system, including the coreceptor IL1RAP. IL-36β stimulates the production of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in synovial fibroblasts, articular chondrocytes, and mature adipocytes. It also induces the expression of various antimicrobial peptides, including beta-defensin 4 and beta-defensin 103, as well as several matrix metalloproteases. IL-36β appears to play a role in skin inflammatory responses by acting on keratinocytes, dendritic cells, and indirectly on T-cells to drive tissue infiltration, cell maturation, and proliferation. It induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), including IL-12, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-23, and activates p38 MAPK phosphorylation in BMDCs. IL-36β is involved in dendritic cell maturation by stimulating the surface expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC class II. It also induces the production of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 by T-helper 1 (Th1) cells, cultured CD4(+) T-cells, and splenocytes.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. IL-36 promotes myeloid cell infiltration, activation, and inflammatory activity in skin PMID: 24829417
  2. Interleukin-36 (IL-36) ligands require processing for full agonist (IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ) or antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity PMID: 21965679
  3. A critical role of IL-36R ligands in the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, leading to the stimulation of T helper responses. PMID: 21860022
  4. The interleukin-1-related cytokine IL-1F8 is expressed in glial cells, but fails to induce any of the classical IL-1 responses in glial cells. PMID: 15749024
Database Links

KEGG: mmu:69677

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000028363

UniGene: Mm.45901

Protein Families
IL-1 family
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Secreted.

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