Recombinant Oreochromis mossambicus Brain natriuretic peptide (nppb)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Oreochromis mossambicus Brain Natriuretic Peptide (nppb)
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), originally identified in porcine brain tissue, is primarily secreted by the ventricular myocardium in response to increased ventricular blood volume and stretching . While initially named "brain natriuretic peptide," it is now often referred to as "B-type natriuretic peptide" to better reflect its source .
Oreochromis mossambicus, also known as tilapia, is a fish species used in studies of natriuretic peptides . Recombinant Oreochromis mossambicus brain natriuretic peptide (nppb) refers to a synthetically produced version of the BNP found in Oreochromis mossambicus . This recombinant protein is produced using genetic engineering techniques, allowing researchers to study its physiological effects and potential applications .
Physiological Effects of BNP
The physiological effects of BNP include:
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Renal Effects: BNP dilates the afferent glomerular arteriole, constricts the efferent glomerular arteriole, and relaxes the mesangial cells, increasing pressure in the glomerular capillaries and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) . It also increases blood flow through the vasa recta, washing solutes out of the medullary interstitium, leading to less reabsorption of tubular fluid and increased excretion . Additionally, BNP decreases sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and cortical collecting duct of the nephron and inhibits renin secretion, thereby inhibiting the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system .
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Adrenal Effects: BNP reduces aldosterone secretion by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex .
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Vascular Effects: BNP relaxes vascular smooth muscle in arterioles and venules through membrane receptor-mediated elevation of vascular smooth muscle cGMP and inhibition of the effects of catecholamines . It also promotes uterine spiral artery remodeling, which is important for preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension .
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Cardiac Effects: BNP inhibits maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy .
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Adipose Tissue Effects: BNP increases the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, activating adipocyte plasma membrane type A guanylyl cyclase receptors NPR-A and increasing intracellular cGMP levels that induce the phosphorylation of a hormone-sensitive lipase and perilipin A via the activation of a cGMP-dependent protein kinase-I (cGK-I) .
Clinical Applications of Recombinant Human BNP
Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rh-BNP) is a synthetic analog of BNP that binds to type A natriuretic peptide receptors and activates guanylyl cyclase (GC), leading to an intracellular rise in cGMP . This process activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), producing vascular smooth muscle relaxation effects on both arteries and veins .
Clinical applications and effects of recombinant human BNP:
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Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: rhBNP has positive cardiac effects in patients with acute decompensated heart failure . It reduces peripheral circulation resistance and the resistance to venous return .
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Improved Cardiac Output: rhBNP significantly increases cardiac output by reducing peripheral circulation resistance and the resistance to venous return .
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Vasodilation: rhBNP exerts vasodilatory effects by decreasing systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and resistance to venous return (RVR) .
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Diuretic Effect: rhBNP has a diuretic effect, which helps to reduce blood volume .
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Improved Quality of Life: rhBNP therapy can improve heart function and reduce microinflammation in patients with chronic heart failure, leading to a better quality of life .
Study on Recombinant Human BNP in Heart Failure Patients
A study involving 102 chronic heart failure (HF) patients examined the safety and efficacy of lyophilized recombinant BNP . The patients were randomly assigned to either a control group or an observation group . The recombinant human BNP group showed better physical, emotional, social, and economic scores, as well as improved cardiac function . The left ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group . Adverse reactions were similar between the two groups .
Hemodynamic Effects of Recombinant Human BNP
Recombinant human BNP affects various hemodynamic parameters. A study on patients undergoing rhBNP treatment showed the following changes:
| Hemodynamic Parameter | Baseline (T0) | 30 Minutes After rhBNP Infusion | 3 Hours After rhBNP Infusion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Output (CO) (L/min) | 3.75 ± 1.14 | 4.24 ± 0.97 | 4.20 ± 1.19 |
| Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) | N/A | Decreasing Trend | Decreasing Trend |
| Central Venous Pressure (CVP) | N/A | No Change | Significantly Increased |
| Heart Rate (HR) | N/A | Decreasing Trend | Decreasing Trend |
| Stroke Volume (SV) | N/A | Increasing Trend | Increasing Trend |
| Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) | 18.85 ± 7.66 | 14.62 ± 6.13 | No Change |
| Mean Systemic Filling Pressure (PMSF) | 32.71 ± 20.00 | Decreasing Trend | 28.254 ± 6.09 |
| Resistance to Venous Return (RVR) | 5.93 ± 4.97 | N/A | 4.46 ± 1.53 |
Product Specs
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Target Background
Recombinant Oreochromis mossambicus Brain natriuretic peptide (nppb) is a cardiac hormone with potential paracrine antifibrotic activity in the heart. It plays a crucial role in cardiovascular homeostasis through its effects on natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, and the inhibition of renin and aldosterone secretion.
