Recombinant Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii S-adenosylmethionine synthase (metK)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii S-adenosylmethionine synthase (metK)
Photorhabdus luminescens is a Gram-negative bacterium known for its symbiotic relationship with nematodes and its pathogenic effects on insects . In biocontrol strategies, P. luminescens is often employed to combat pests .
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthase, also known as methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of SAM from methionine and ATP . SAM is a crucial methyl donor involved in numerous biochemical pathways, including DNA methylation, biosynthesis of hormones, and synthesis of polyamines . The gene encoding SAM synthase is referred to as metK .
Recombinant Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii S-adenosylmethionine synthase (metK) refers to the genetically engineered form of the metK gene from the P. luminescens subsp. laumondii bacterium, which produces the SAM synthase enzyme . The recombinant form is often used for biotechnological applications, such as in the production of methionine .
Functional Aspects and Applications
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Methionine Production: Recombinant microorganisms, including Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, can be engineered to overexpress specific genes to enhance methionine production . Overexpression of metK can increase SAM levels, influencing methionine biosynthesis .
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Chemotaxis: P. luminescens exhibits chemotactic behavior, responding to root exudates, which is mediated by chemotaxis receptors homologous to E. coli Tar and Tsr proteins .
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Biocontrol: P. luminescens is utilized in biocontrol strategies due to its insect-pathogenic properties . Its toxins and secreted proteins contribute to insect death .
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Enzyme Inhibition: Lichens, which have symbiotic relationships with various bacteria, including Photorhabdus, produce compounds that inhibit cholinesterase enzymes .
Genetic Modifications and Overexpression
Genetic modifications can enhance the activity of methionine synthase by overexpressing genes like metH, fldA, and fpr from E. coli or their homologous genes from C. glutamicum . The metK gene can be overexpressed using a promoter different from its wild-type promoter, with supplementary copies integrated into the microorganism's chromosome .
Melanization Reaction
P. luminescens strains can induce melanization reactions in insects . A metalloprotease secreted by P. luminescens, PrtS, stimulates melanization in insects .
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Target Background
KEGG: plu:plu3683
STRING: 243265.plu3683
