Recombinant Pongo abelii NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 (NDUFB6)

Introduction to Recombinant Pongo abelii NADH Dehydrogenase [Ubiquinone] 1 Beta Subcomplex Subunit 6 (NDUFB6)

NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6, also known as complex I-B17, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDUFB6 gene . It is an accessory subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex, also known as Complex I, which is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane . Complex I is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain . NDUFB6 is believed not to be directly involved in catalysis but is required for electron transfer activity .

Gene and Structure

The NDUFB6 gene is located on the p arm of chromosome 9 in position 21.1 and is 19,659 base pairs long . The NDUFB6 protein weighs 15.5 kDa and is composed of 128 amino acids . The structure is L-shaped, featuring a long, hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a hydrophilic domain for the peripheral arm, which includes all the known redox centers and the NADH binding site . The N-terminal hydrophobic domain has the potential to be folded into an alpha helix spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane, with a C-terminal hydrophilic domain interacting with globular subunits of Complex I . This two-domain structure is highly conserved, suggesting it is critical for protein function, with the hydrophobic domain acting as an anchor for the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex at the inner mitochondrial membrane .

Function of NDUFB6

The protein encoded by the NDUFB6 gene is an accessory subunit of the multisubunit NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) that is not directly involved in catalysis . Mammalian complex I comprises 44 different subunits and is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane . This protein complex exhibits both NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity, transferring electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain . The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone .

Initially, NADH binds to Complex I and transfers two electrons to the isoalloxazine ring of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) prosthetic arm to form FMNH$$_2$$ . The electrons are then transferred through a series of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters in the prosthetic arm and finally to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ), which is reduced to ubiquinol (CoQH$$_2$$) . The flow of electrons alters the redox state of the protein, resulting in a conformational change and a shift in the pK of the ionizable side chain, which pumps four hydrogen ions out of the mitochondrial matrix .

Clinical Significance

Decreased expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, including NDUFB6, is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes . A polymorphism in the promoter region of the NDUFB6 gene, resulting in an adenine to guanine shift at rs629566, has been shown to create a DNA methylation site associated with a decline in NDUFB6 expression in the muscle of aging patients .

NDUFB6 Antibody

NDUFB6 is a 128 amino acid protein that belongs to the complex I NDUFB6 subunit family . It is an accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed not to be involved in catalysis . Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain, with ubiquinone believed to be the immediate electron acceptor .

Table 1: Antibody Information

Table 2: Application Details

Expression

NDUFB6 exhibits a wide range of expression across various tissues, including the brain (hippocampal formation, amygdala, basal ganglia, midbrain, spinal cord, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, choroid plexus, retina), thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, lung, salivary gland, esophagus, tongue, stomach, rectum, colon, small intestine, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, urinary bladder, testis, epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicle, vagina, breast, cervix, endometrium, fallopian tube, ovary, placenta, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, adipose tissue, skin, bone marrow, tonsil, lymph node, thymus, and spleen .