Recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa HTH-type transcriptional regulator ptxR (ptxR)

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Cat. No.

BT33065

Source

Yeast

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT33065

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT33065

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT33065

Source

Baculovirus

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT33065

Source

Mammalian cell

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Description

DNA Binding and Regulatory Targets

PtxR directly binds promoter regions of virulence and metabolic genes. Key findings include:

Table 1: DNA Binding Sites of PtxR

Promoter Target	Binding Position	Function	Binding Affinity (K<sub>D</sub>)
P<sub>toxA</sub>	-35 region	Exotoxin A (toxA) activation	164 ± 6 nM
P<sub>kgu</sub>	Overlaps -35 region	Gluconate catabolism regulation	Not quantified
P<sub>gad</sub>	Upstream of -10 region	Gluconate dehydrogenase operon	Not quantified

PtxR enhances toxA expression by binding near the -35 region of its promoter, facilitating RNA polymerase recruitment . It also regulates gluconate metabolism by binding to Pkgu and Pgad .

Interaction with PtxS and Effector Molecules

PtxR’s activity is modulated by interactions with PtxS (a LacI-family repressor) and the metabolite 2-ketogluconate:

PtxS-PtxR complex: Forms a heterodimer with nanomolar affinity (ΔH = -27.3 kcal/mol) but dissociates in the presence of 2-ketogluconate .
Mechanistic outcomes:
- Without 2-ketogluconate: PtxS binds PtxR, inducing DNA looping at Pkgu/Pgad and repressing transcription .
- With 2-ketogluconate: PtxS dissociates, abolishing DNA loops and derepressing gluconate catabolism genes .

Table 2: Functional Interactions of PtxR

Interaction Partner	Effect on PtxR Activity	Biological Outcome
PtxS	Inhibits DNA looping	Represses gluconate operons
2-Ketogluconate	Disrupts PtxS-PtxR interaction	Activates gluconate metabolism
Vfr	Binds ptxR promoter (P2)	Enhances toxA and lasB expression

Regulatory Network and Virulence Control

PtxR integrates metabolic and virulence signals through cross-talk with other regulators:

Vfr dependency: Vfr binds the ptxR promoter (P2) and is essential for maximal toxA and lasB (metalloproteinase) expression .
Iron regulation: The ptxR promoter overlaps a PvdS (iron-starvation sigma factor) binding site, linking iron availability to virulence .
Carbon metabolism: PtxR-PtxS coordination ensures gluconate utilization is coupled to toxin production under host-relevant conditions .

Recombinant PtxR Applications

Recombinant PtxR is produced via E. coli expression systems for functional studies:

Purification: Affinity chromatography yields >95% pure protein .
Experimental uses:
- Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) to map DNA binding .
- Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to quantify protein-effector interactions .

Unresolved Questions and Future Directions

Effector specificity: The exact effector molecule(s) recognized by PtxR’s C-terminal domain remain unidentified .
Structural dynamics: How PtxR-PtxS complexes induce DNA bending versus loop formation requires high-resolution structural data .

Product Specs

Form

Lyophilized powder. Note: We will preferentially ship the format we have in stock. If you have special format requirements, please note them when ordering, and we will fulfill your request.

Lead Time

Delivery times vary based on purchasing method and location. Consult your local distributor for specific delivery times. Note: All proteins are shipped with standard blue ice packs. For dry ice shipping, please contact us in advance; additional fees apply.

Notes

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Reconstitution

Briefly centrifuge the vial before opening to collect contents at the bottom. Reconstitute protein in sterile deionized water to 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Add 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final glycerol concentration is 50% for your reference.

Shelf Life

Shelf life depends on storage conditions, buffer components, storage temperature, and protein stability. Generally, the liquid form is stable for 6 months at -20°C/-80°C, while the lyophilized form is stable for 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt. Aliquot for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Tag Info

The tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process. If you require a specific tag, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.

Synonyms

ptxR; PA2258; HTH-type transcriptional regulator PtxR

Buffer Before Lyophilization

Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.

Datasheet

Please contact us to get it.

Expression Region

1-312

Protein Length

full length protein

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

Species

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1)

Target Names

ptxR

Target Protein Sequence

MSAALERLNH LNLNHLYAFV AVAEHNSFTA AAEALGLSKS LLSEQLRRLE ADLGIQLLTR TTRRMTLTDR GELLFGVAQR MLGELDGALS DVRDLQGEPS GRLRITAPQD FVKWHISSVS AAFIRQFPKV QVEMLADDQF SDLVGQRIDL AVRIGWPRDS GLHASKLCDF QQVAVATPGY LAGLPPVLQP HDLARCEWIG HTRLSTPWTW TFERQRERAT VQTRGRLLAN NTLAVYRLVL DGAGVSVLPS FLVAREIARG RLVRLLPGWR LPQGGIYALY PSARYMPVRV RAFIESLREH LGREPFRLAQ SE

Uniprot No.

P72131

Target Background

Function

Acts as a transcriptional activator of the toxA (exotoxin) and regA genes.

Gene References Into Functions

1. Different segments of the ptxR upstream region have specific roles in ptxR expression, and their deletion alters the level and pattern of ptxR expression. (PMID: 16699585) 2. PtxR negatively regulates virulence factor expression, such as rhamnolipid and pyocyanin genes. (PMID: 16803594) 3. A 25 bp sequence within the ptxR upstream region is a specific binding site for Vfr. (PMID: 18227247)

Database Links

KEGG: pae:PA2258

STRING: 208964.PA2258

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Recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa HTH-type transcriptional regulator ptxR (ptxR)

Description

DNA Binding and Regulatory Targets

Table 1: DNA Binding Sites of PtxR

Interaction with PtxS and Effector Molecules

Table 2: Functional Interactions of PtxR

Regulatory Network and Virulence Control

Recombinant PtxR Applications

Unresolved Questions and Future Directions

Product Specs

Target Background

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