Recombinant Rat Transmembrane protein 55B (Tmem55b)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Rat Transmembrane Protein 55B (Tmem55b)
Recombinant Rat Transmembrane protein 55B, or Tmem55b, is a protein that, in rats (Rattus norvegicus), is encoded by the gene Tmem55b . TMEM55B is involved in multiple cellular processes, including cholesterol metabolism, lysosomal function, and autophagy . It is also known as Type I phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase (PtdIns-4,5-P2 4-Ptase I) .
Basic Information
Role in Cholesterol Metabolism
TMEM55B regulates plasma cholesterol levels by influencing LDLR (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor) lysosomal degradation, which is mediated by PI(4,5)P2 . Specifically, knockdown of Tmem55b in mice livers leads to increased plasma non-HDL cholesterol levels .
Interaction with Tex2
TMEM55B interacts with Tex2, a tubular ER protein, at ER-LE/lys (endoplasmic reticulum–late endosome/lysosome) membrane contact sites (MCSs) . TMEM55 recruits Tex2 to these MCSs, which are essential for lysosomal functions .
Lysosomal Function and Autophagy
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Lysosomal Homeostasis: TMEM55B contributes to lysosomal homeostasis and amino acid metabolism, which suggests it plays a role in the assembly of the V-ATPase complex in lipid rafts of the lysosomal membrane and subsequent activation of mTORC .
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Autophagy Flux: TMEM55B functions as a molecular sensor that coordinates autophagosome degradation, lysosomal repair, and activation of stress responses .
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Lysosomal Positioning: TMEM55B modulates lysosomal positioning, with its overexpression causing lysosomes to collapse into the cell center, while its depletion results in dispersion .
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Lipid Metabolism: TMEM55B deficiency enhances lipophagy, which leads to increased fatty acid release from lysosomes to mitochondria but impairs mitophagy .
Product Specs
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