Recombinant Schistocerca gregaria Tachykinin-1

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Cat. No.
BT50884
Source
Yeast
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
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Cat. No.
BT50884
Source
E.coli
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
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Cat. No.
BT50884
Source
E.coli
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
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Cat. No.
BT50884
Source
Baculovirus
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
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Cat. No.
BT50884
Source
Mammalian cell
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
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Description

Production and Purification

The peptide is synthesized using recombinant DNA technology:

  • Expression Systems: Primarily produced in E. coli or yeast, with a His-tag for affinity chromatography .

  • Purity: >85% verified by SDS-PAGE .

  • Formulation: Supplied in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) with glycerol and urea to enhance solubility .

Biological Roles

  • Gut Motility: Induces contractions in insect midgut tissues, akin to vertebrate tachykinins .

  • Receptor Interaction: Binds to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as BNGR-A24 in Bombyx mori, triggering intracellular signaling via cAMP or cGMP pathways .

  • Stress Response: Modulates ion and water transport in Malpighian tubules under desiccation or osmotic stress .

Evolutionary Context

  • Structural Divergence: Unlike vertebrate tachykinins (C-terminal motif: –Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH₂), Scg-midgut-TK retains the arthropod-specific –Phe-X-Gly-Y-Arg-NH₂ motif .

  • Precursor Diversity: Encoded by a precursor polypeptide distinct from vertebrate preprotachykinins, highlighting evolutionary divergence .

Experimental Use

  • Physiological Studies: Used to investigate TKRP signaling in insect models (e.g., Drosophila, Bombyx mori) .

  • Receptor Profiling: Identifies ligand specificity of GPCRs like TkR99D and PK2-R1 in in vitro assays .

Pharmacological Potential

  • Drug Development: Serves as a template for designing analogs targeting invertebrate-specific TKRP receptors, with applications in pest control .

Comparative Analysis with Related Peptides

FeatureSchistocerca gregaria Tachykinin-1Vertebrate Tachykinins (e.g., Substance P)
C-Terminal Motif–Phe-Tyr-Gly-Thr-Arg-NH₂–Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH₂
Tissue LocalizationMidgut, nervous systemCentral/peripheral neurons, immune cells
Receptor SpecificityBNGR-A24, TkR99D (invertebrates)NK₁R, NK₂R, NK₃R (vertebrates)

Challenges and Future Directions

  • Functional Redundancy: Overlap with ion transport peptide (ITP) signaling complicates in vivo studies .

  • Structural Stability: Requires urea or glycerol for solubility, limiting in vivo applications .

  • Unresolved Pathways: Mechanisms linking Scg-midgut-TK to metabolic regulation remain poorly understood .

Product Specs

Form
Lyophilized powder. We will ship the available format, but you can specify your preferred format when ordering.
Lead Time
Delivery times vary by purchase method and location. Contact your local distributor for details. Proteins are shipped with blue ice packs by default. Request dry ice in advance (extra fees apply).
Notes
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Reconstitution
Briefly centrifuge the vial before opening. Reconstitute in sterile deionized water to 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Add 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final glycerol concentration is 50%.
Shelf Life
Shelf life depends on storage conditions, buffer, temperature, and protein stability. Liquid form: 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Lyophilized form: 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Storage Condition
Store at -20°C/-80°C upon arrival. Aliquot for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Tag Info
The tag type is determined during manufacturing. If you require a specific tag, please inform us, and we will prioritize its development.
Synonyms
; Tachykinin-1; Scg-midgut-TK
Buffer Before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.
Expression Region
1-14
Protein Length
Cytoplasmic domain
Purity
>85% (SDS-PAGE)
Species
Schistocerca gregaria (Desert locust)
Target Protein Sequence
GNTKKAVPGF YGTR
Uniprot No.
P82470

Target Background

Function
Myoactive peptide. Increases amplitude, frequency, and tonus of hindgut muscle contractions.
Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity
Midgut.

Q&A

FAQs for Researchers on Recombinant Schistocerca gregaria Tachykinin-1 (Scg-TK1)

Advanced Research Questions

  • How do Scg-TK1 receptors compare across insect species in ligand selectivity?

    Receptor SourceKey Ligand SelectivitySignaling Pathway
    Bombyx mori TKRP-RPrefers C-terminal Arg (e.g., Scg-TK1)cAMP inhibition
    Drosophila TkR99DBinds both Scg-TK1 and ITPL peptidescGMP activation
    Schistocerca gut-RSensitive to N-terminal extensionsDual cAMP/cGMP
    These differences highlight evolutionary divergence in receptor-ligand interactions, necessitating species-specific experimental designs .

  • What conflicting data exist regarding Scg-TK1’s role in phase polyphenism?

    • Transcriptomic data: Phase-specific expression of Scg-TK1 precursors is observed in gregarious locusts , but functional assays show no direct behavioral modulation .

    • Resolution: Pair RNAi knockdown with behavioral assays (e.g., locomotion tracking) and parallel measurement of gut motility to disentangle neuromodulatory vs. peripheral roles .

  • Can Scg-TK1 cross-activate vertebrate tachykinin receptors, and what are the implications?
    Scg-TK1 exhibits weak activity (<10% potency of substance P) on mammalian NK₁ receptors in vitro . To test cross-reactivity:

    • Use calcium imaging in HEK293-NK₁ cells.

    • Apply competitive binding assays with RR-labeled Scg-TK1 .
      Such studies inform evolutionary conservation of tachykinin signaling pathways .

Methodological Guidance

  • How to resolve low yields in recombinant Scg-TK1 production?

    • Expression system: Use yeast (Pichia pastoris) with codon optimization for insect peptides, as bacterial systems often misfold small, disulfide-rich peptides .

    • Tag removal: Employ TEV protease for cleavage instead of chemical methods to preserve the C-terminal amide .

  • What controls are critical when analyzing Scg-TK1’s ion transport functions?

    • Include spantide I (TK receptor antagonist) to confirm specificity .

    • Measure cAMP/cGMP in parallel with electrophysiology (e.g., Ramsay assays) to link signaling to physiological output .

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