Recombinant Streptococcus phage Cp-1 Holin (CPH1)
Description
Introduction to Recombinant Streptococcus Phage Cp-1 Holin (CPH1)
Recombinant Streptococcus phage Cp-1 Holin (CPH1) is a protein encoded by the cph1 gene of the bacteriophage Cp-1, which infects Streptococcus pneumoniae. This protein belongs to the family of holins, which are essential components in the lysis process of bacterial cells infected by bacteriophages. Holins create lesions in the bacterial cell membrane, allowing endolysins to access and degrade the peptidoglycan layer, leading to cell lysis and the release of phage progeny .
Structure and Function of CPH1
CPH1 is a small protein consisting of 134 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 15.4 kDa . It exhibits characteristics typical of holin proteins, such as the ability to form pores in bacterial membranes. The cph1 gene is located upstream of the cpl1 gene, which encodes for a lysozyme (endolysin) in the Cp-1 phage genome. The stop codon of cph1 overlaps with the start codon of cpl1, a common feature in two-component phage lytic systems .
Complementation Studies
CPH1 can complement a lambda Sam mutation in E. coli, which is a lysis-defective mutant. This suggests that CPH1 has functional similarities with the holin encoded by the lambda phage, further supporting its role in membrane disruption .
Research Findings and Implications
The study of CPH1 provides insights into the mechanisms of phage-mediated lysis and has potential applications in the development of novel antimicrobial strategies. By understanding how holins and endolysins work together, researchers can explore new ways to combat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.
Table 1: Key Features of CPH1
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Gene | cph1 |
| Protein Size | 134 amino acids |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 15.4 kDa |
| Function | Creates lesions in bacterial membranes |
| Expression | Causes cell death but not lysis when expressed alone in E. coli |
| Co-expression with Cpl1 | Leads to efficient lysis of E. coli cells |
Table 2: Comparison of Holin Functions
| Holin | Source | Function |
|---|---|---|
| CPH1 | Cp-1 phage | Creates lesions in bacterial membranes, facilitating endolysin access |
| Lambda S | Lambda phage | Essential for lysis by creating pores in the membrane |
References Functional Analysis of the Two-Gene Lysis System of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Bacteriophage Cp-1. Analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence and functional organization of the genome of bacteriophage Cp-1, a virus infecting Streptococcus pneumoniae. Recombinant bacteriophage lysins as antibacterials.
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Target Background
KEGG: vg:1261217
