Recombinant Volvox carteri Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit petO, chloroplastic (PETO)

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Cat. No.
BT2473619
Source
in vitro E.coli expression system
Synonyms
PETO; Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit petO, chloroplastic; Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit V; suV; Cytochrome b6-f-associated phosphoprotein
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Product Specs

Form
Lyophilized powder
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Lead Time
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Notes
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Reconstitution
Centrifuge the vial briefly before opening to consolidate the contents. Reconstitute the protein in sterile, deionized water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. For long-term storage, we recommend adding 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquoting at -20°C/-80°C. Our standard glycerol concentration is 50%, which can serve as a reference.
Shelf Life
Shelf life depends on various factors including storage conditions, buffer composition, temperature, and protein stability. Generally, liquid formulations have a 6-month shelf life at -20°C/-80°C, while lyophilized formulations have a 12-month shelf life at -20°C/-80°C.
Storage Condition
Upon receipt, store at -20°C/-80°C. Aliquoting is essential for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Tag Info
The tag type is determined during the manufacturing process.
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Synonyms
PETO; Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit petO, chloroplastic; Cytochrome b6-f complex subunit V; suV; Cytochrome b6-f-associated phosphoprotein
Buffer Before Lyophilization
Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
Datasheet
Please contact us to get it.
Expression Region
54-203
Protein Length
Full Length of Mature Protein
Species
Volvox carteri (Green alga)
Target Names
PETO
Target Protein Sequence
GVVLQQPELKKVFQDDAPAPAPVKREFKGLAPPSLPKPVEAPKPAAVAAAPEKKEEVKES GSDLDPRSIALPGALALTIGGFFAASKIDTSFNEWFIEAVVKDSNNYAGYEATLKTDAGV VFPKAATAGTKKVKAATGSKKGGFPFGGKK
Uniprot No.
Q9SBM5

Target Background

Function

The cytochrome b6-f complex facilitates linear transmembrane electron transport between Photosystem II and I, and participates in cyclic electron flow around Photosystem I.

Database Links

KEGG: vcn:VOLCADRAFT_72648

UniGene: Vca.641

Protein Families
PetO family
Subcellular Location
Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.

Q&A

The cytochrome b6-f complex is essential for photosynthetic electron transport, and its subunit PETO in Volvox carteri has emerged as a focus for studying cyclic electron flow and complex assembly. Below are structured FAQs addressing key research themes, methodologies, and challenges.

Advanced Research Questions

How do conflicting localization data for PETO impact hypotheses about its role in CEF?

While PETO shows a base-enriched gradient in Volvox , homologs in Chlamydomonas display uniform distribution. Resolving contradictions:

  • Experimental variables: Compare growth conditions (e.g., light intensity) affecting CEF demand.

  • Quantitative imaging: Use confocal microscopy with pH-sensitive probes to correlate PETO localization with proton flux .

What experimental strategies address PETO’s low abundance in native complexes?

  • Stable isotope labeling: Pulse-chase experiments track PETO turnover rates in mutants .

  • Crosslinking mass spectrometry: Identifies transient interactions with ANR1 or cytochrome subunits .

How does PETO phosphorylation regulate cyclic electron flow?

  • Phosphoproteomics: Enrich phosphorylated peptides from thylakoid membranes and validate via site-directed mutagenesis.

  • Functional assays: Compare ATP/NADPH ratios in phospho-mimetic vs. phospho-null PETO strains .

Methodological Challenges and Solutions

ChallengeApproachKey Study
PETO-ANR1 interaction is weakTandem affinity purification with protease inhibitors to stabilize complexes
PETO aggregation during purificationIntroduce solubility tags (e.g., SUMO) and optimize buffer pH
Cell-type-specific expressionLaser-capture microdissection of Volvox somatic/gonidial cells for RNA-seq

Critical Data Contradictions

  • PETO stability in mutants: While ΔpetG/petN in Arabidopsis abolishes cytochrome b6-f assembly , Volvox PETO knockdown retains partial activity . This suggests organism-specific assembly mechanisms.

  • CEF contribution: PETO’s role in CEF is prominent in Volvox but minimal in Chlamydomonas, highlighting evolutionary divergence in photosynthetic regulation.

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