Recombinant Xenopus laevis Tubulin beta-4 chain (tubb4)

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Cat. No.

BT42108

Source

Yeast

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT42108

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT42108

Source

E.coli

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT42108

Source

Baculovirus

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Cat. No.

BT42108

Source

Mammalian cell

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

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Description

Introduction to Recombinant Xenopus laevis Tubulin Beta-4 Chain (Tubb4)

Recombinant Xenopus laevis Tubulin beta-4 chain (Tubb4) is a laboratory-engineered version of the β-tubulin isoform encoded by the TUBB4A gene, produced using heterologous expression systems. This protein plays a critical role in microtubule formation, which is essential for cellular processes such as cytoskeletal organization, intracellular transport, and neuronal development. Recombinant Tubb4 is widely used in structural, biochemical, and functional studies to investigate microtubule dynamics and associated pathologies .

Production and Purification

Recombinant Tubb4 is typically expressed in eukaryotic systems (e.g., yeast, mammalian cells) to ensure proper folding and post-translational modifications. For example:

Expression Host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) .
Tags: His-tag for affinity purification, enabling isolation via immobilized metal chromatography .
Purity: >90% as confirmed by SDS-PAGE and analytical SEC .
Storage: Lyophilized or in Tris-based buffer with 50% glycerol at -20°C .

Functional and Research Applications

Recombinant Tubb4 is utilized in diverse experimental contexts:

Microtubule Dynamics Studies

Used to assess polymerization kinetics and GTPase activity in vitro .
Mutant variants (e.g., p.Asp249Asn) model leukodystrophy and dystonia mechanisms .

Drug Screening

Serves as a substrate for testing tubulin-targeting chemotherapeutics (e.g., taxanes, vinca alkaloids) .

Comparative Analysis of Recombinant Tubulin Isoforms

The table below contrasts recombinant Tubb4 with other β-tubulin isoforms:

Isoform	Host System	Key Applications	Pathological Relevance
Xenopus Tubb4	Yeast	Microtubule assembly assays, structural studies	Hypomyelination disorders
Human TUBB4A	Mammalian cells	Neurological disease modeling	DYT4 dystonia, H-ABC syndrome
Bovine TUBB4	E. coli	High-throughput drug screening	N/A

Challenges and Considerations

Expression Yield: Eukaryotic systems (e.g., yeast) offer proper folding but may require optimization for high yields .
Post-Translational Modifications: Mammalian systems better replicate native modifications but are costlier .
Mutant Studies: Specific mutations (e.g., D249N) require careful functional validation due to pleiotropic effects .

Future Directions

Emerging research focuses on:

Engineering tag-free variants for native-state structural studies.
Developing patient-derived mutant Tubb4 models to study hypomyelination mechanisms .
Integrating recombinant Tubb4 into synthetic microtubule networks for biotechnological applications .

Product Specs

Form

Lyophilized powder. We will ship the format we have in stock. If you have special format requirements, please note them when ordering, and we will fulfill your request.

Lead Time

Delivery time varies depending on the purchase method and location. Please consult your local distributors for specific delivery times. All proteins are shipped with normal blue ice packs by default. For dry ice shipping, please contact us in advance, as extra fees will apply.

Notes

Avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Working aliquots can be stored at 4°C for up to one week.

Reconstitution

Briefly centrifuge the vial before opening to collect the contents at the bottom. Reconstitute the protein in sterile deionized water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. We recommend adding 5-50% glycerol (final concentration) and aliquoting for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final glycerol concentration is 50%.

Shelf Life

Shelf life depends on several factors, including storage conditions, buffer components, storage temperature, and protein stability. Generally, the liquid form has a shelf life of 6 months at -20°C/-80°C, while the lyophilized form has a shelf life of 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.

Storage Condition

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt. Aliquot for multiple uses. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Tag Info

The tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process. If you require a specific tag type, please inform us, and we will prioritize developing it.

Synonyms

tubb4; Tubulin beta-4 chain

Buffer Before Lyophilization

Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.

Datasheet

Please contact us to get it.

Expression Region

1-445

Protein Length

full length protein

Purity

>85% (SDS-PAGE)

Species

Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)

Target Names

tubb4

Target Protein Sequence

MREIVHLQAG QCGNQIGAKF WEVISDEHGI DPTGAYHGDS DLQLERINVY YNEATGGKYV PRAVLVDLEP GTMDSVRSGP FGQIFRPDNF VFGQSGAGNN WAKGHYTEGA ELVDSVLDVV RKEAESCDCL QGFQLTHSLG GGTGSGMGTL LISKIREEYP DRIMNTFSVV PSPKVSDTVV EPYNATLSVH QLVENTDETY CIDNEALYDI CFRTLKLTTP TYGDLNHLVS ATMSGVTTCL RFPGQLNADL RKLAVNMVPF PRLHFFMPGF APLTSRGSQQ YRALTVPELT QQMFDAKNMM AACDPRHGRY LTVAAIFRGR MSMKEVDEQM LNVQNKNSSY FVEWIPNNVK TAVCDIPPRG LKMSATFIGN STAIQELFKR ISEQFTAMFR RKAFLHWYTG EGMDEMEFTE AESNMNDLVS EYQQYQDATA EEEGEFEEGE EEENA

Uniprot No.

P30883

Target Background

Function

Tubulin is the main component of microtubules. It binds two GTP molecules: one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and another at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain.

Database Links

KEGG: xla:380258

UniGene: Xl.7933

Protein Families

Tubulin family

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.

Tissue Specificity

Preferential expression in germ cells.

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Recombinant Xenopus laevis Tubulin beta-4 chain (tubb4)

Description

Introduction to Recombinant Xenopus laevis Tubulin Beta-4 Chain (Tubb4)

Production and Purification

Functional and Research Applications

Microtubule Dynamics Studies

Drug Screening

Comparative Analysis of Recombinant Tubulin Isoforms

Challenges and Considerations

Future Directions

Product Specs

Target Background

Quick Inquiry

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