RPA1A Antibody

Introduction and Overview

RPA1A Antibody is a monoclonal or polyclonal immunoglobulin designed to bind the RPA1 protein, which stabilizes single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediates during DNA processes. Key characteristics include:

• Host species: Mouse (monoclonal) or rabbit (polyclonal) .

• Applications: Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), flow cytometry (FC), and immunoprecipitation (IP) .

• Target specificity: Recognizes human, monkey, and other species' RPA1 isoforms .

Research Applications and Protocols

RPA1A antibodies are optimized for diverse experimental workflows:

Table 1: Application-Specific Dilutions

Key protocols:

• Western blot: Detects RPA1 at ~70 kDa in lysates (e.g., HeLa, MCF-7) .

• IHC/IF: Visualizes RPA1 localization in nuclei and PML bodies .

• IP: Isolates RPA1 complexes for interaction studies (e.g., with FANCM–BTR or MUS81) .

Role in DNA Repair and Meiosis

• Meiotic crossover regulation: RPA1a deficiency in rice (Oryza sativa) increases chiasma frequency due to unresolved recombination intermediates, highlighting its role in limiting Class II crossovers .

• Recombination intermediate resolution: RPA1a interacts with the FANCM–BTR complex and MUS81 to prevent chromosomal fragmentation during meiosis .

• Cytosolic DNA surveillance: RPA1 binds nuclear ssDNA metabolites, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasm and subsequent activation of cGAS-mediated innate immune responses .

Clinical Relevance

• Autoimmune disorders: Anti-RPA antibodies (targeting RPA1 and RPA32 subunits) are detected in ~2-3% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, suggesting autoimmune targeting of DNA repair machinery .

Validation and Specificity

• Specificity confirmed: Immunoprecipitation and Western blot assays in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana validate antibody specificity for RPA1A .

• Cross-reactivity: Consistent detection across human, monkey, and plant models .

Clinical and Mechanistic Insights

• DNA repair defects: RPA1 depletion exacerbates chromosomal fragmentation in TREX1-deficient cells, linking RPA1 to autoimmune disease mechanisms .

• Therapeutic potential: Targeting RPA1 interactions (e.g., with Rad51) could modulate DNA damage responses in cancer or autoimmune contexts .