RND1 Antibody, FITC conjugated
Description
Definition and Function
The RND1 Antibody, FITC conjugated is a fluorescently labeled antibody designed to target RND1 (Rho Family GTPase 1), a small GTP-binding protein involved in actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cell adhesion regulation. RND1 lacks intrinsic GTPase activity and constitutively binds GTP, acting as a negative regulator of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions . The FITC (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate) conjugation enables visualization of RND1 in fluorescence-based assays, including immunofluorescence (IF) and flow cytometry.
Conjugation Process
The conjugation of RND1 antibodies with FITC involves covalent binding of the fluorophore to lysine residues or other free amino groups on the antibody. Key steps include:
Applications
The RND1 Antibody, FITC conjugated, is primarily used in:
-
Immunofluorescence (IF): Visualizing RND1 localization in cells (e.g., adherens junctions) .
-
Flow Cytometry: Quantifying RND1 expression in cell populations .
-
Western Blotting: Detecting RND1 in lysates (unconjugated antibodies are typically preferred for this) .
Challenges and Considerations
-
Overlabeling: High fluorophore-to-protein ratios (>6) can reduce specificity and quantum yield .
-
Biodistribution: FITC conjugation may alter hepatic clearance, impacting in vivo studies .
-
Cross-Reactivity: Verify species specificity (e.g., human vs. mouse) before use .
Research Highlights
-
Cytoskeletal Dynamics: RND1 disrupts cortical actin filaments, promoting neuritic process formation .
-
Antigen-Specific Studies: FITC-conjugated antibodies enable live-cell tracking of RND1 during signaling events .
-
Therapeutic Implications: RND1’s role in cell migration suggests its potential as a target in cancer or neurodegenerative diseases .
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
- Reduced RND1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with cancer progression, potentially through regulation of the Ras signaling pathway. PMID: 27770342
- Research suggests that Rho GTPase signaling is a complex mechanism involved in RhoA-driven invasive migration of cancer cells. PMID: 27913679
- RND1 plays a significant role in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 26250459
- Findings indicate that Rnd1 effectively inhibits the activation of Ras-MAPK signaling, thereby suppressing breast tumor initiation and progression. PMID: 25531777
- Data suggest that Rnd1 efficiently displaces Rac1 from its complex with Plexin-B1 but not vice versa. PMID: 23603360
- The N-terminal region of Rnd1 and Rnd3 contains a KERRA (Lys-Glu-Arg-Arg-Ala) sequence of amino acids, which serves as a lipid raft-targeting determinant. This sequence mediates lipid raft targeting of p190 RhoGAP, correlating with its activation. PMID: 22357615
- Rnd1 does not participate in the activation of plexin-C1 and -D1. PMID: 21610070
- Socius is a novel Rnd GTPase-interacting protein involved in the disassembly of actin stress fibers. PMID: 11940653
- RND1 mRNA expression levels significantly increase after gestation in the myometria. PMID: 16311049
- The binding of Rac1, Rnd1, and RhoD to a novel Rho GTPase interaction motif destabilizes the dimerization of the plexin-B1 effector domain. PMID: 17916560
