RRT15 Antibody

Introduction

The LRRC15 antibody targets the Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 15 (LRRC15), a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein implicated in cell-cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. LRRC15 is highly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and mesenchymal-derived cancer cells, making it a key biomarker in oncology research . The antibody is used in various applications, including immunofluorescence (ICC/IF), western blot (WB), and flow cytometry (FC), to study its role in tumor microenvironment modulation and viral interactions .

Structure and Function

LRRC15 is a 581-amino acid protein with 15 extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a transmembrane domain, and a short intracellular tail . Its structural features enable binding to ECM components like fibronectin, laminin, and collagen IV, facilitating cell adhesion and migration . The protein is regulated by transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), which promotes its expression in CAFs, thereby influencing tumor progression and immune evasion .

Cancer Immunotherapy

LRRC15 is a target for therapeutic interventions due to its role in immunosuppressive CAFs. Preclinical studies show that depletion of LRRC15+ CAFs enhances tumor infiltration by CD8+ T cells, suggesting potential synergy with checkpoint inhibitors .

Viral Modulation

LRRC15 interacts with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, sequestering virions and reducing infection in ACE2+ cells . This interaction highlights its role in trans-inhibition of viral entry.

Antibody-Based Therapies

Monoclonal antibodies (e.g., ab150376, MAB11324) are validated for detecting LRRC15 in human/mouse/rat samples . These tools facilitate mechanistic studies of LRRC15 in tumor biology and viral immunity .

Detection and Validation

LRRC15 antibodies are optimized for multiple assays:

• Western Blot: Detects bands at ~64-104 kDa under reducing conditions .

• Flow Cytometry: Stains LRRC15+ cells (e.g., U-87 MG glioblastoma) .

• ICC/IF: Visualizes LRRC15 in fibroblasts and cancer cells .

TGFβ-LRRC15 Axis

Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that TGFβ upregulates LRRC15 via MMP2, SPARC, TGFβR2, and WNT5B, key regulators of ECM remodeling . This axis predicts immunotherapy responses in solid tumors .

Antibody Co-Administration

Preclinical models show that "carrier" doses of unconjugated LRRC15 antibodies improve tumor penetration of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), enhancing therapeutic efficacy .