mrps-25 Antibody

Introduction to MRPS-25 Antibody

MRPS-25 (Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein S25) is a structural component of the mitochondrial 28S ribosomal subunit, essential for translating mitochondrial mRNA into proteins critical for oxidative phosphorylation. The MRPS-25 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and analyze this protein in various experimental systems. It is widely used in molecular biology to study mitochondrial translation, dysfunction, and related diseases .

Structure and Function of MRPS-25

MRPS-25 is a 173-amino acid protein encoded by the nuclear MRPS25 gene. It is part of the 28S subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes, which differ significantly from bacterial ribosomes in protein-to-rRNA composition. MRPS-25 lacks bacterial homologs and is crucial for ribosomal assembly and stability. Mutations in MRPS25 disrupt mitochondrial translation, leading to reduced levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex proteins and mitochondrial disorders .

Applications of MRPS-25 Antibody

The antibody is validated for:

• Western blot (WB): Detects MRPS-25 protein levels in lysates.

• Immunoprecipitation (IP): Identifies protein-protein interactions.

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localizes MRPS-25 in mitochondrial membranes.

• ELISA: Quantifies MRPS-25 in solution .

4.1. Role in Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Studies using the MRPS-25 antibody revealed:

• Reduced MRPS-25 Levels: In fibroblasts from patients with MRPS25 mutations, MRPS-25 protein levels were ~10% of controls, destabilizing the 28S subunit and impairing mitochondrial translation .

• Restoration of Function: Complementation with wild-type MRPS25 restored 28S subunit stability and OXPHOS protein levels, confirming its essential role .

4.2. Implications for Disease

MRPS-25 dysfunction is linked to:

• Mitochondrial Disorders: Impaired energy production in metabolic syndromes.

• Neurodegenerative Diseases: Altered mitochondrial translation in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

• Cancer: Dysregulated mitochondrial protein synthesis in tumorigenesis .

Critical Considerations

• Specificity: Varied epitopes ensure broad reactivity (e.g., amino acids 1–173 vs. 104–173) .

• Validation: All antibodies are tested in WB, but some require optimization for IHC or IP .

• Stability: Avoid freeze-thaw cycles; store at -20°C for long-term use .